Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Lowland
Other Sources:PLNGLS
Consonant system:
p mb t nd k
m n ŋ
Stops:p mb t nd k
Nasals:m n ŋ
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:ʋ ɔ
Tones:?
Stress:final
Pronouns:
1 4 2mf 5 3mf 6
Syntax:SOV
Number:3762
Language:Yonggom
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (WC Western)
Population:2,000
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Lowland
Other Sources:
PLNGLS WPF
Consonant system:
p t d k
m n ŋ
Stops:p t d k
Nasals:m n ŋ
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Tones:?
Pronouns:
1 4 2
Number:3763
Language:Ninggirum
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (WC Western)
Population:4,000
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Lowland
Other Sources:PLNGLS
Consonant system:
p t d k ɡ
β h m n ŋ
Stops:p t d k ɡ
Fricatives:β h
Nasals:m n ŋ
Glides:j
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Stress:final
Gender:m f
Pronouns:
1 4ie 2mf 5 3mf 6
Syntax:SOV
Number:3764
Language:Iwur
Location:WC Papua New Guinea
Population:1,000
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Lowland
Consonant system:
Number:3765
Language:Telefol
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (S West Sepik)
Population:4,000
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Mountain
Dictionary:Healey, Phyllis and Alan Healey. 1977. Telefol Dictionary. PL C46.
Other Sources:
Healey, Alan. 1964. Telefol Phonology. PL B3. Healey, P. M. 1965a. Telefol Noun Phrases. PL B4. Healey, Phyllis M. 1965b. "Telefol Clause Structure," PL A5, 1-26. Healey, Phyllis M. 1965c. "Telefol Verb Phrases," PL A5, 27-53. Healey, P. M. 1966. Levels and Chaining in Telefol Sentences. PL B5. PLNGLS
Consonant system:
b t̪h d̪ kh
f s̪ m n̪ ŋ l
Stops:b t̪h d̪ kh
Fricatives:f s̪
Nasals:m n̪ ŋ
Laterals:l
Modified Consonants:cʷ kh
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:I
Central Vowels:ɐ
Back Vowels:ʋ
Long Vowels:ī ɛ̄ ā ū ɔ̄
Syllable:(C)V(C)
Tones:ris fall
Noun Number:some kinship terms have a plural; a few other nouns use reduplication
Gender:m f
Demonstratives:2 [both forms may be inflected to show: (1) above, (2) up, (3) over, (4) across, (5) down, (6) below, (7) iñout̃up] + ref
Articles:def indef
Pronouns:
1 4 2mf 5 3mf 6
Syntax:SOV NA GN DN/ND N-NUM POSS-N
Prep/Post:POST
Number:3766
Language:Tifal
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (S West Sepik)
Population:2,500
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Mountain
Other Sources:
Steinkraus, Walter. 1969. "Tifal Phonology Showing Vowel and Tone Neutralization," Kivung 2, 57-66. PLNGLS
Consonant system:
b t d k
ɸ s m n ŋ l
Stops:b t d k
Fricatives:ɸ s
Nasals:m n ŋ
Laterals:l
Modified Consonants:cʷ k
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Long Vowels:ī ē ā ū ō
Syllable:(C)V(C)
Tones:hi lo
Stress:non-phonemic
Syntax:SOV
Number:3767
Language:Kauwol
Location:Indonesia (EC West Irian)
Population:500
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Mountain
Other Sources:PLNGLS
Consonant system:
b t d k
f s m n ŋ l
Stops:b t d k
Fricatives:f s
Nasals:m n ŋ
Laterals:l
Modified Consonants:cʷ k
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Tones:tones
Number:3768
Language:Faiwol
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (N Western)
Population:3,000
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Mountain
Other Sources:
Mecklenburg, Charlotte. 1974. "Phonology of Faiwol," in Studies in Languages of the Ok Family, Ukarumpa, PNG, SIL, 143-65. PLNGLS
Consonant system:
b th d kh ɡ
f s m n l
Stops:b th d kh ɡ
Fricatives:f s
Nasals:m n
Laterals:l
Modified Consonants:cʷ kh ɡ
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i ɛ
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Diphthongs:ai au ei
Syllable:(C)V(C)
Tones:hi lo
Stress:phonemic
Syntax:SOV NA DN N-NUM D+N+A
Number:3769
Language:Setaman
Location:WC Papua New Guinea
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Mountain
Consonant system:
Number:3770
Language:Bimin
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (N Western)
Population:1,000
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Mountain
Other Sources:PLNGLS
Consonant system:
b t k ɡ
f s m n ŋ
ɾ
Stops:b t k ɡ
Fricatives:f s
Nasals:m n ŋ
Vibrants:ɾ
Modified Consonants:cʷ k ɡ
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Tones:tones
Pronouns:
1 4 2mf 5 3mf 6
Syntax:SOV
Number:3771
Language:Mianmin
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (S West Sepik)
Population:1,500
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Mountain
Other Sources:
Smith, Jean and Pam Weston. 1974a. "Mianmin Phonemes and Tonemes," in Studies in Languages of the Ok Family, Ukarumpa, PNG, SIL 5-33. Smith, Jean and Pam Weston. 1974b. "Notes on Mianmin Grammar," in Studies in Languages of the Ok Family, Ukarumpa, PNG, SIL, 35-142. PLNGLS
Consonant system:
b th kh ɡ
f s h m n ŋ ľ
Stops:b th kh ɡ
Fricatives:f s h
Nasals:m n ŋ
Laterals:ľ
Modified Consonants:cʷ kh ɡ
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Nasal Vowels:ṽ a only
Diphthongs:ei ai au ou
Syllable:(C)(C)V(C)
Tones:hi lo-fall lo-ris
Stress:non-phonemic
Noun Number:s p
Gender:m f
Demonstratives:1
Pronouns:
1 4ie 2mf 5 3mf 6
Syntax:SOV NA/(AN) (GN) ND N-NUM POSS-N N+A+Num+D
Prep/Post:POST
Number:3772
Language:Mianmin
Dialect:Wagarabai
Location:NW Papua New Guinea (W West Sepik)
Population:1,500 (500)
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Mountain
Other Sources:PLNGLS
Consonant system:
p t d k
f s h m n ŋ l
Stops:p t d k
Fricatives:f s h
Nasals:m n ŋ
Laterals:l
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Tones:tones
Number:3773
Language:Ngalum
Location:Indonesia (EC West Irian)
Population:18,000
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Ok: Mountain
Other Sources:PLNGLS
Consonant system:
p b t d k ɡʷ pf s m n ŋ l
Stops:p b t d k ɡʷ
Affricates:pf
Fricatives:s
Nasals:m n ŋ
Laterals:l
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u ɔ
Tones:tones
Number:3774
Language:Awin
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (WC Western)
Population:6,000
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Awin-Pa
Other Sources:PLNGLS
Consonant system:
p ph b t th d k kh ɡ
s h m n (ŋ)
ɾ
Stops:p ph b t th d k kh ɡ
Fricatives:s h
Nasals:m n (ŋ)
Vibrants:ɾ
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i (y) e ɛ
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u ɔ
Tones:tones
Pronouns:
1 4d 4 2 5d 5 3 ? 6
Syntax:SOV GN POSS-N
Number:3775
Language:Pa
Alternate Name:Pare
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (WC Western)
Population:1,500
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: Awin-Pa
Other Sources:PLNGLS
Consonant system:
p b t nd k ɡ
(ɸ) s h m n (ŋ)
ɾ
Stops:p b t nd k ɡ
Fricatives:(ɸ) s h
Nasals:m n (ŋ)
Vibrants:ɾ
Glides:j w
Front Vowels:i e ɛ
Central Vowels:(ǝ) a
Back Vowels:u o ɔ
Nasal Vowels:ĩ ɛ̃ ã ũ ɔ̃
Tones:hi lo
Pronouns:
1 4d 4 2 5d 5 ? ? ?
Syntax:SOV
Number:3776
Language:Nomad
Alternate Name:Odoodee
Dialect:Samo
Location:WC Papua New Guinea (NE Western)
Population:2,700 (650)
Classification:Indo-Pacific: Trans-New Guinea: Central & Western: Central & South New Guinea: East Strickland
Other Sources:
Daniel, R. and Karen A. Shaw. 1973. "Location: A Linguistic and Cultural Focus in Samo," Kivung 6, 158-72. Daniel, R. and Karen A. Shaw. 1977. "Samo Phonemes," in Phonologies of Five P.N.G. Languages, Ukarumpa, PNG, SIL, 97-135. LSGD PLNGLS
