A global linguistic database : Query result

Number: 4821

Language: Foothill North Yokuts

Dialect: Wikchamni

Location: C California

Population: 15

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Yokuts

Grammar: Gamble, Geoffery. 1978. Wikchamni Grammar. UCPL 84.

Other Sources: Beeler, Madison S. 1971. "Noptˈintˈe Yokuts," in SAIL, 11-76.

Consonant system:

   p p^h p^ʔ t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ (ṭ) ṭ^h ṭ^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ ʔ
    č č^h č^ʔ
    s š x h
m ^ʔm n̪ ^ʔn̪ ŋ (^ʔŋ)
    l ^ʔl

Stops: p p^h p^ʔ t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ (ṭ) ṭ^h ṭ^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ ʔ

Affricates: č č^h č^ʔ

Fricatives: s š x h

Nasals: m ^ʔm n̪ ^ʔn̪ ŋ (^ʔŋ)

Laterals: l ^ʔl

Glides: j ^ʔj w ^ʔw

Vowel system:

I ʉ ʋ
ɛ ɵ ɔ
ɐ

Front Vowels: I ɛ

Central Vowels: ʉ ɵ ɐ

Back Vowels: ʋ ɔ

Long Vowels: ī ē ʉ̄ ɵ̄ ā ū ō

Modified Vowels: vowel harmony

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: penult

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
*3 *6d *6

Syntax: SOV/VSO AN(NA) GN DN NUM-N POSS-N/(N-POSS) D+A+N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4822

Language: Foothill South Yokuts

Location: C California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Yokuts

Consonant system:

Number: 4823

Language: Valley Yokuts

Dialect: Chauchila

Location: C California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Yokuts

Dictionary: Sitjar, Buenaventura. 1861. Vocabulario de la lengua de los naturales de la Mission de San Antonio, Alta California. New York: Cramoisy. [Reprinted 1970 by AMS Press, NY]

Grammar: Newman, Stanley. 1944. Yokuts Language of California. New York: Viking Fund.

Other Sources:

Newman, Stanley S. 1932. "The Yawelmani Dialect of Yokuts," IJAL 7, 85-9.
Hockett, Charles F. 1967. "The Yawelmani Basic Verb," Lg 43, 208-22.

Consonant system:

   p p^h p^ʔ t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ ṭ ṭ^h ṭ^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ ʔ
    t̪^s t̪^sh t̪^sʔ č č^h č^ʔ
    s̪ ṣ x h
m ^ʔm n̪ ^ʔn̪
    l ^ʔl

Stops: p p^h p^ʔ t̪ t̪^h t̪^ʔ ṭ ṭ^h ṭ^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ ʔ

Affricates: t̪^s t̪^s^h t̪^sʔ č č^h č^ʔ

Fricatives: s̪ ṣ x h

Nasals: m ^ʔm n̪ ^ʔn̪

Laterals: l ^ʔl

Glides: j ^ʔj w ^ʔw

Vowel system:

i u
ɛ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i ɛ

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u ɔ

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Modified Vowels: vowel harmony

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: penult

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 2 This/that

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Syntax: SOV/SVO AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N/N-POSS

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 4824

Language: Ohlone

Location: C California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Costanoan: Northern

Consonant system:

Number: 4825

Language: San Jose

Location: C California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Costanoan: Northern

Other Sources: WPF

Consonant system:

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Number: 4826

Language: San Francisco

Location: C California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Costanoan: Northern

Consonant system:

Number: 4827

Language: Santa Cruz

Location: C California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Costanoan: Northern

Consonant system:

Number: 4828

Language: Rumsen

Location: WC California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Costanoan: Southern

Other Sources:

Broadbent, Sylvia M. 1957. "Rumsen I: Methods of Reconstitution," IJAL 23, 275-80.
Okrand, Marc. 1980. "Rumsen II. An Evaluation of Reconstitution," in American Indian and Indoeuropean studies, ed. by Kathryn Klar, Margaret Langdon and Shirley Silver, The Hague, Mouton, 169-82.
WPF

Consonant system:

   p t ṭ k ʔ
    t^s č
    s ṣ š x
m n
    l
    r

Stops: p t ṭ k ʔ

Affricates: t^s č

Fricatives: s ṣ š x

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
6

Number: 4829

Language: Mutsun

Location: C California

Population: extinct (c.1930)

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Costanoan: Southern

Dictionary: Arroyo de la Cuesta, Felipe. 1862. A Vocabulary or Phrase Book of the Mutsun Language. New York: Cramolsy.

Grammar: Okrand, Marc. 1977. Mutsun Grammar. Berkeley: Univ of California Diss.

Consonant system:

   p t ṭ c k ʔ
    t^s č
    s š h
m n ñ
    l ʎ
    ɾ

Stops: p t ṭ c k ʔ

Affricates: t^s č

Fricatives: s š h

Nasals: m n ñ

Laterals: l ʎ

Vibrants: ɾ

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Syllable: CV(C)

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3 *6

Syntax: SVO AN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4830

Language: Soledad

Location: C California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Costanoan: Southern

Consonant system:

Number: 4831

Language: Monterey

Location: C California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Costanoan: Southern

Other Sources: WPF

Consonant system:

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Number: 4832

Language: Coast Miwok

Dialect: Bodega

Location: California

Population: 1

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Miwok: Western

Dictionary: Callaghan, Catherine A. 1970. Bodega Miwok Dictionary. UCPL 60.

Consonant system:

    p t̪ ṭ k ʔ
(b) (d̪) (ɡ)
    č
(f) (s̪) ṣ h
m n
    l
    (ɾ)

Stops: p (b) t̪ (d̪) ṭ k (ɡ) ʔ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: (f) (s̪) ṣ h

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l

Vibrants: (ɾ)

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Stress: non-phonemic

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 3

Pronouns:

1 4d 4
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Syntax: SVO AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4833

Language: Lake Miwok

Location: C California

Population: 8

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Miwok: Western

Dictionary: Callaghan, Catherine A. 1965. Lake Miwok Dictionary. UCPL 39.

Grammar: Freeland, L. S. 1947. "Western Miwok Texts with Linguistic Sketch," IJAL 13, 31-46.

Other Sources:

Callaghan, Catherine A. 1964. "Phonemic Borrowing in Lake Miwok," in SCL, 46-53.
Broadbent, Sylvia M. and Catherine A. Callaghan. 1960. "Comparative Miwok: A Preliminary Survey," IJAL 26, 301-16.
WPF

Consonant system:

   p p^h p^ʔ t t^h t^ʔ ṭ ṭ^h ṭ^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ ʔ
b d
t^s t^sʔt^lʔč č^ʔ
(f) s ṣ h
m n
    l ɬ
    (r)

Stops: p p^h p^ʔ b t t^h t^ʔ d ṭ ṭ^h ṭ^ʔ k k^h k^ʔ ʔ

Affricates: t^s t^sʔt^lʔč č^ʔ

Fricatives: (f) s ṣ h

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l ɬ

Vibrants: (r)

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Noun Number: s d p

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4d 4
2 5d 5
3hn 6d 6

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4834

Language: Central Sierra Miwok

Location: California

Population: 5

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Miwok: Eastern

Dictionary: Freeland, L. S. and Sylvia M. Broadbent. 1960. Central Sierra Miwok Dictionary. UCPL 23.

Other Sources: WPF

Consonant system:

   p t ṭ k ʔ
    č ɡ̌
    s š h
m n ŋ
    l

Stops: p t ṭ k ʔ

Affricates: č ɡ̌

Fricatives: s š h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: l

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5
3 6h

Syntax: SOV NG NUM-N N-POSS

Number: 4835

Language: Southern Sierra Miwok

Location: C California

Population: 20

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Miwok: Eastern

Grammar: GD: Broadbent, Sylvia M. 1964. The Southern Sierra Miwok Language. UCPL 38.

Consonant system:

    p t̪ t k ʔ
(b) (d) (g)
    č (ɡ̌)
(f) s š h
m n ŋ
    l
    (ɹ̣)

Stops: p (b) t̪ t (d) k (ɡ) ʔ

Affricates: č (ɡ̌)

Fricatives: (f) s š h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: (ɹ̣)

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

I ɨ ʋ
ɛ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: I ɛ

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: ʋ ɔ

Long Vowels: i e ɨ u o a

Nasal Vowels: ī ē ɨ̄ ū ō ɑ̄

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: on first long syllable

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5
*3 *6
4de=4e

Syntax: SVO/SOV NA GN DN NUM-N N-POSS

Prep/Post: POST

Comments: No speakers below middle age. (1964)

Number: 4836

Language: Northern Sierra Miwok

Location: California

Population: 25

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Miwok: Eastern

Other Sources:

Callaghan, Catherine A. 1971. "Saclan: A Reexamination," AL 13, 448-56.
WPF

Consonant system:

   p t k ʔ
    t^sč
    s h
m n ŋ
    l

Stops: p t k ʔ

Affricates: t^sč

Fricatives: s h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: l

Modified Consonants: c̄

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i ɨ u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄

Stress: on first long syllable

Pronouns:

1 4ie
2 5
3 6h

Number: 4837

Language: Plains Miwok

Location: C California

Population: 1

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: California: Miwok-Costanoan: Miwok: Eastern

Other Sources: Broadbent, Sylvia M. and Catherine A. Callaghan. 1960. "Comparative Miwok: A Preliminary Survey," IJAL 26, 301-16.

Consonant system:

   p t ṭ k ʔ
    t^s
    s h
m n
    l

Stops: p t ṭ k ʔ

Affricates: t^s

Fricatives: s h

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i ɨ u
e ǝ o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ɨ ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄

Stress: phonemic

Number: 4838

Language: Zuni

Location: New Mexico

Population: 3,500

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: New Mexico

Dictionary: Newman, Stanley. 1958. Zuni Dictionmary. IJAL 24:1, Part II.

Grammar: Newman, Stanley. 1965. Zuni Grammar. Albuquerque: Univ of New Mexico Press.

Other Sources:

Walker, Willard. 1966. "Inflectional Class and Taxonomic Structure in Zuni," IJAL 32, 217-27.
Walker, Willard. 1972. "Toward the Sound Pattern of Zuni," IJAL 38, 240-59.

Consonant system:

   p t̪ k kʷ ʔ
    t^s č
    s š h
m n̪
    l ɬ

Stops: p t̪ k kʷ ʔ

Affricates: t^s č

Fricatives: s š h

Nasals: m n̪

Laterals: l ɬ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
ɛ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i ɛ

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u ɔ

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: phonemic

Noun Number: s p

Syntax: SOV NA POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4839

Language: Chitimacha

Location: S Louisiana

Population: 10

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: Gulf: Tunica-Chitimacha

Other Sources:

Swadesh, Morris. 1933. "Chitimacha Verbs of Derogatory or Abusive Connotation with Parallels from European Languages," Lg, 192-201.
Swadesh, Morris. 1946. "Phonologic Formulas for Atakapa-Chitimacha," IJAL 12, 113-32.
Suarez, Jorge A. 1975. Estudios Huaves. Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Historia.
WALS
WPF

Consonant system:

   p p^ʔ t t^ʔ k k^ʔ ʔ
    t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ
    s š h
m n
    l

Stops: p p^ʔ t t^ʔ k k^ʔ ʔ

Affricates: t^s t^sʔ č č^ʔ

Fricatives: s š h

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: ī ǣ ā ū ō

Stress: final

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6
+ indef

Syntax: SOV NA

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4840

Language: Tunica

Location: Louisiana

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Penutian: Gulf: Tunica-Chitimacha

Dictionary:

Haas, Mary R. 1953. Tunica Dictionary. UCPL 6, 175-332.

Grammar:

Haas, Mary R. 1940. Tunica. New York: J. J. Augustin.
Swanton, John R. 1921. "The Tunica Language," IJAL 2, 1-39.

Other Sources: Haas, Mary R. 1950. Tunica Texts. UCPL 6, 1-173.

Consonant system:

    p t k ʔ
(b) (d) (ɡ)
    č
(f) s š h
m n
    l
    r

Stops: p (b) t (d) k (ɡ) ʔ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: (f) s š h

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
ɛ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Noun Number: s d p

Gender: m f

Demonstratives: 3

Articles: def

Pronouns:

1 4
2mf 5mf
3mf 6dm 6mf

Syntax: SOV NA GN DN/ND N-NUM POSS-N

Prep/Post: PREP/POST