A global linguistic database : Query result

Number: 4961

Language: Chemehuevi

Location: S California

Population: 3,000

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Numic: Southern

Grammar: GD: Press, Margaret L. 1979. Chemehuevi: A Grammar and Lexicon. UCPL 92.

Consonant system:

   p t k kʷ ʔ
    t^s
    s h
v ɣ ɣʷ
m ^ʔm n ^ʔn ŋ ^ʔŋ
    (l)
    r

Stops: p t k kʷ ʔ

Affricates: t^s

Fricatives: v s ɣ ɣʷ h

Nasals: m ^ʔm n ^ʔn ŋ ^ʔŋ

Laterals: (l)

Vibrants: r

Glides: j ^ʔj w ^ʔw

Vowel system:

   i ɨ u
    o
    a

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Diphthongs: ɨi ui oi ai ia ɨa ua oa aɨ au

Stress: on second syllable

Noun Number: s p

Gender: anim inan

Demonstratives: 3 this/that/that invisible

Pronouns:

1 4di 4ie
2 5
*3ai *6a

Syntax: SOV AN/NA GN DN/DND/ND NUM-N POSS-N/N-POSS

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4962

Language: Tübatulabal

Location: California

Population: 10

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Tübatulabal

Dictionary: Voegelin, C. F. 1958. "Working Dictionary of Tübatulabal," IJAL 24, 221-8.

Other Sources: SUAG I.

Consonant system:

   p t k ʔ
b d ɡ
    t^s č
    d^z ɡ̌
    š h
m n ŋ
l

Stops: p b t d k ɡ ʔ

Affricates: t^s d^zč ɡ̌

Fricatives: š h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: l

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i ɨ u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Noun Number: s p

Articles: def

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6d 6

Syntax: SVO AN NG DN NUM-N N-POSS

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4963

Language: Gabrielino

Location: S California

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic

Consonant system:

Number: 4964

Language: Kitanemuk

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic

Number: 4965

Language: Serrano

Location: California

Population: 3

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic

Other Sources:

SUAG I
UACS
WPF

Consonant system:

   p t k kʷ q ʔ
    t^sṭ^s
    s ṣ š x h
v ß ð
m n ŋ
    (l)

Stops: p t k kʷ q ʔ

Affricates: t^sṭ^s

Fricatives: v ð s ṣ š x h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: (l)

Glides: j j̥ w w̥

Vowel system:

i ɨ u
e ø
a

Front Vowels: i e ø

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: v̄

Noun Number: s p

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3 *6

Syntax: SOV AN/NA GN DN POSS-N D+A+N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4966

Language: Luiseño

Location: S California

Population: 150

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic

Dictionary: Bright, William. 1968. A Luiseño Dictionary. UCPL 51.

Grammar: Kroeber, A. L. and George William Grace. 1960. The Sparkman Grammar of Luiseño. UCPL 16.

TextBooks: Hyde, Villiana. 1971. An Introduction to the Luiseño Language. Banning, CA: Malki Museum Press.

Other Sources:

Malécot, André, 1963. "Luiseño, A Structural Analysis I-II," IJAL 29, 89-95 & 196-210.
Bright, William. 1965. "Luiseño Phonemics," IJAL 31, 342-5.
Dabis, John F. 1976. "Some Notes on Luiseño Phonology," IJAL 42, 192-216.

Consonant system:

   p t k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
    č
(f) s ṣ š x xʷ h
v ð
m n ŋ
    l
    ɾ

Stops: p t k kʷ q qʷ ʔ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: (f) v ð s ṣ š x xʷ h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: ɾ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

I ʋ
ɛ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: I ɛ

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: ʋ ɔ

Long Vowels: ī ē ā ū ō

Syllable: CV(C)(C)

Stress: phonemic

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 3 + ref

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3 *6
+ indef

Syntax: SOV AN/NA GN DN NUM-N POSS-N D+Num+N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4967

Language: Cahuilla

Location: S California

Population: 12

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic

Other Sources: Bright, William. 1965. "The History of the Cahuilla Sound System," IJAL 31, 241-4.

Consonant system:

   p t̪ k q qʷ ʔ
    č
    s š x xʷ h
v (ð) (ɣ)
m n̪ ñ ŋ
    l̪ ʎ
    (ɾ)

Stops: p t̪ k q qʷ ʔ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: v (ð) s š x (ɣ) xʷ h

Nasals: m n̪ ñ ŋ

Laterals: l̪ ʎ

Vibrants: (ɾ)

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u

Long Vowels: ī ē ā ū ō

Stress: phonemic

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3 *6

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN POSS-N

Noun Incorporation: noun incorp

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4968

Language: Cupeño

Location: California

Population: 10

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Takic

Other Sources: Hill, Jane H. and Rosinda Nolasquez, eds. 1973. Mulu'wetam: The First People. Cupeño Oral History and Language. Banning, CA: Malki Museum Press.

Consonant system:

   p t k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
    č
(f) s ṣ̌ š x xʷ h
v (ð) (ɣ)
m n ñ ŋ
    l ʎ
    ɾ

Stops: p t k kʷ q qʷ ʔ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: (f) v (ð) s ṣ̌ š x (ɣ) xʷ h

Nasals: m n ñ ŋ

Laterals: l ʎ

Vibrants: ɾ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e ǝ (o)
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u (o)

Long Vowels: ī (ē) ā ū (ō) ǝ̄

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 2: this/that + ref

Articles: def

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SOV NA GN DN N-NUM POSS-N N+Num+A

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4969

Language: Hopi

Location: NE Arizona

Population: 4,800

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Hopi

Grammar: Whorf, Benjamin Lee. 1946. "The Hopi Language, Toreva Dialect," in LSNA, 158-83.

Other Sources:

Kennard, Edward A. 1963. "Linguistic Acculturation in Hopi," IJAL 29, 36-41.
Malotki, Ekkehart. 1979. Hopi-Raum. Tübingen: Gunter Narr.
UACS

Consonant system:

   p t k q ʔ
    t^s
    s h
v
m n ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: p t k q ʔ

Affricates: t^s

Fricatives: v s h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Modified Consonants: c^j k ŋ cʷ k q ŋ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i ɨ
e ø o
a

Front Vowels: i e ø

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: o

Long Vowels: vˑ (half-long) all? v̄ (long) all?

Syllable: CV(C)

Stress: phonemic

Noun Number: s d p

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,4,5)/N-POSS(3,6) D+Num+N

Noun Incorporation: noun incorp

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4970

Language: Pima

Alternate Name: Tohono O'odham

Dialect: Papago, Nevome

Location: S Arizona

Population: 20,000

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic

Dictionary:

Saxton, Dean and Lucille Saxton. 1969. Dictionary: Papago & Pima to English, English to Papago & Pima. Tucson: Univ of Arizona Press.

Grammar: Mason, J. Alden. 1950. The Language of the Papago of Arizona. Philadelphia: The Univ Museum, Univ of Pennsylvania.

Other Sources:

Saxton, Dean. 1963. "Papago Phonemes," IJAL 29, 29-35.
Hale, Kenneth. 1965. "Some Preliminary Observations on Papago Morphophonemics," IJAL 31, 295-305.
Alvarez, Albert and Kenneth Hale. 1970. "Toward a Manual of Papago Grammar: Some Phonological Terms," IJAL 36, 83-97.

Consonant system:

   p t̪ k ʔ
b d̪ ḍ ɡ
    č
    ɡ̌
    s ṣ̌ h
m n̪ ñ
    ľ

Stops: p b t̪ d̪ ḍ k ɡ ʔ

Affricates: č ɡ̌

Fricatives: s ṣ̌ h

Nasals: m n̪ ñ

Laterals: ľ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

   i ɨ u
    ɔ
    a

Front Vowels: i

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: u ɔ

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Stress: initial

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 2

Articles: def

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3 *6

Syntax: SOC AN GN/NG DN NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,4,5,6)/N-POSS(3) D+Num+A+N

Noun Incorporation: noun incorp

Prep/Post: PREP/POST

Number: 4971

Language: Pima Bajo

Location: Mexico (SE Sonora)

Population: 2,500

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic

Grammar: Smith, Buckingham, ed. 1862. Arte de la Lengua Névome. New York: Cramoisy.

Other Sources: Escalante Hernandez, Roberto. 1962. "El pima bajo," Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropologı́a e Historia (Mexico City), 349-52.

Consonant system:

   p t k ʔ
b d ɡ
    č
    s š h
m n
    l
    ɾ

Stops: p b t d k ɡ ʔ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: s š h

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l

Vibrants: ɾ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i ɨ u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄

Stress: phonemic

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 2

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3 *6

Syntax: SOV AN GN POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4972

Language: Tepecano

Location: Mexico (NE Jalisco)

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic

Other Sources:

Mason, J. Alden. 1918. "Tepecano Prayers," IJAL 1, 91-153.
SUAG I.

Consonant system:

   p t k ʔ
b d ɡ
    (t^s) (č)
    s š h
v
m n (ŋ)
    (l)
    ɾ

Stops: p b t d k ɡ ʔ

Affricates: (t^s) (č)

Fricatives: v s š h

Nasals: m n (ŋ)

Laterals: (l)

Vibrants: ɾ

Modified Consonants: c̥ v m n ɾ w

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
(ɛ) ǝ o
a

Front Vowels: i (ɛ)

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o

Articles: art

Syntax: SVO AN NG DN NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,4,5,6)/N-POSS(3) D+Num+A+N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4973

Language: Northern Tepehuan

Location: Mexico (SW Chihuahua)

Population: 1,800

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic

Other Sources:

Woo, Nancy. 1970. "Tone in Northern Tepehuan," IJAL 36, 18-30.
UACS
WALS

Consonant system:

   p t t^jk
b d d^j ɡ
    č
    s š x
v
m n ñ
    (l)
    (ɾ) r

Stops: p b t d t^j d^j k ɡ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: v s š x

Nasals: m n ñ

Laterals: (l)

Vibrants: (ɾ) r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i ɨ u
(e) o
a

Front Vowels: i (e)

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Tones: hi lo

Noun Number: s p

Syntax: VSO POSS-N(1)/N-POSS(3)

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4974

Language: Southern Tepehuan

Location: Mexico

Population: 1,800

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Pimic

Other Sources:

UACS
SUAG I
E

Consonant system:

   p t k ʔ
b d ɡ
v s h
m n
    l ɬ
    r

Stops: p b t d k ɡ ʔ

Fricatives: v s h

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l ɬ

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i ɨ u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: ɨ a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄

Stress: phonemic

Syntax: VSO/VOS NA NUM-N POSS-N(1,2,4,5,6)/N-POSS(3)

Number: 4975

Language: Tubar

Location: NW Mexico

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic

Consonant system:

Number: 4976

Language: Tarahumara

Location: NC Mexico (Chihuahua)

Population: 55,000

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic

Dictionary: Hilton, K. Simón. 1959. Vocabulario tarahumara. Mexico City: SIL.

Grammar: Lionnet, Andrés. 1972. Los elementos de la lengua tarahumara. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Antóonoma de México.

Other Sources: Burgess, Don. 1979. "Verbal Suffixes of Prominence in Western Tarahumara Narrative Discourse,' in DSML, 171-88.

Consonant system:

   p t̪ k ʔ
b ɡ
    t^s
    s x
m n̪
    l
    ɾ

Stops: p b t̪ k ɡ ʔ

Affricates: t^s

Fricatives: s x

Nasals: m n̪

Laterals: l

Vibrants: ɾ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Syllable: (C)V

Stress: phonemic

Noun Number: s p

Articles: def

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
*3

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4977

Language: Guarijı́o

Alternate Name: Huarijio

Location: NW Mexico

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic

Other Sources: E

Consonant system:

Syntax: OVS

Number: 4978

Language: Yaqui

Dialect: Arizona

Location: Arizona

Population: 15,000

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic

Other Sources:

Fraenkel, Gerd. 1959. "Yaqui Phonemics," AL 1:5, 7-18.
Crumrine, Lynne S. 1961. The Phonology of Arizona Yaqui, with Texts. Tucson: Univ of Arizona Press.
Lindenfeld, Jacqueline. 1973. Yaqui Syntax. UCPL 76.

Consonant system:

   p t k ʔ
    (d) (ɡ)
    č
(f) s h
β
m n
    l
    ɾ

Stops: p t (d) k (ɡ) ʔ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: β (f) s h

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l

Vibrants: ɾ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Stress: phonemic (but mostly on second syllable)

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 3

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N D+Num+A+N

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4979

Language: Yaqui

Dialect: Mayo

Location: NW Mexico (Sonora)

Population: 15,000

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic

Dictionary: Collard, Howard and Elisabeth Scott Collard. 1962. Vocabulario mayo. Mexico City: SIL.

Other Sources: UACS

Consonant system:

   p t k ʔ
b bʷ
    č
    s x ɣʷ
m n
    l
    ɾ

Stops: p b bʷ t k ʔ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: s x ɣʷ

Nasals: m n

Laterals: l

Vibrants: ɾ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Long Vowels: v̄ all

Stress: phonemic

Noun Number: s p

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SOV GN

Prep/Post: POST

Number: 4980

Language: Opata

Dialect: Eudeve

Location: NW Mexico

Population: extinct

Classification: Amerind: Central: Uto-Aztecan: Taracahitic

Other Sources: WALS

Consonant system:

Syntax: SOV