A global linguistic database : Query result

Number: 5701

Language: Roper River Creole

Alternate Name: Kriol

Location: Australia

Classification: English-Based Creole

Other Sources: E

Consonant system:

Syntax: SVO

Number: 5702

Language: Torres Strait Creole

Alternate Name: Australian Pidgin

Location: N Australia

Population: 23,000

Classification: English-Based Creole

Consonant system:

Number: 5703

Language: Tok Pisin

Alternate Name: Melanesian Pidgin

Location: Papua New Guinea

Population: 500,000

Classification: English-Based Pidgin

Grammar: DG: Mihalic, Francis. 1971. The Jacaranda Dictionary and Grammar of Melanesian Pidgin. Milton, Australia: Jacaranda Press.

TextBooks: Dutton, T. E. 1973. Conversational New Guinea Pidgin. PL D12.

Other Sources:

AL 6:8
Woolford, Ellen B. 1979. Aspects of Tok Pisin Grammar. PL B66.

Consonant system:

   (p) t k
b d ɡ
    ɡ̌
ɸ (f) s h
    v
m n ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: (p) b t d k ɡ

Affricates: ɡ̌

Fricatives: ɸ (f) v s h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Diphthongs: ai au oi

Syllable: (C)(C)V(C)

Stress: mostly initial

Demonstratives: 2

Articles: indef

Pronouns:

1 4die 4tie 4ie
2 5d 5t 5
3 6d 6t 6

Syntax: SVO AN/(NA) NG DN NUM-N N-POSS

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 5704

Language: Bislama

Alternate Name: Beach-la-Mar

Location: New Hebrides

Population: 50,000

Classification: English-Based Creole

Grammar: DG: Guy, J. B. M. 1974. Handbook of Bichelamar/Manuel de bichelamar. PL C34.

Consonant system:

   p t k
b
f s h
v
m n ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: p b t k

Fricatives: f v s h

Nasals: m n ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

I ʋ
ɛ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: I ɛ

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: ʋ ɔ

Diphthongs: ae ao ea ia oe ua

Syllable: (C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)

Stress: non-phonemic

Demonstratives: 1

Articles: indef

Pronouns:

1 4die 4ie
2 5d 5
3 6dPC 6
P=plain; C=collective

Syntax: SVO AN NG ND NUM-N N-POSS

Prep/Post: PREP

Comments: Used as a lingua franca in the New Hebrides.

Number: 5705

Language: Solomon Pijin

Alternate Name: Neo-Solomonic

Location: Solomon Islands

Population: 50,000

Classification: English-Based Pidgin

Consonant system:

Number: 5706

Language: Micronesian Pidgin

Location: Micronesia

Population: practically extinct

Classification: English-Based Pidgin

Consonant system:

Number: 5707

Language: Dutch Creole

Alternate Name: Negerhollands

Location: USA (Virgin Islands)

Population: nearing octinction

Classification: Dutch-Based Creole

Consonant system:

Comments: "A Dutch-based pidgin-preole nearing extinction." p. 146. (Voegelins)

Number: 5708

Language: Unserdeutsch

Location: Papua New Guinea

Classification: German-Based Creole

Consonant system:

Number: 5709

Language: French Creole

Dialect: Louisiana

Location: Louisiana

Population: 7.8 million

Classification: French-Based Creole

Grammar: Conwell, Marilyn T. and Alphonse Juilland. 1963. Louisiana French Grammar. The Hague : Mouton.

Other Sources: Morgan, Raleigh, Jr. 1959. "Structural Sketch of Saint Martin Creole," AL 1:8, 20-24.

Consonant system:

   p t̪ k
b d̪ ɡ
    č
    ɡ̌
f s̪ š h
v z̪ ž
m n̪ ñ
    l̪
    r

Stops: p b t̪ d̪ k ɡ

Affricates: č ɡ̌

Fricatives: f v s̪ z̪ š ž h

Nasals: m n̪ ñ

Laterals: l̪

Vibrants: r

Glides: j

Vowel system:

i u
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
a ɑ

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: ǝ a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ ɑ

Nasal Vowels: ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ɑ̃

Noun Number: s p

Gender: (m f)

Demonstratives: 2

Articles: def indef

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO NA/AN NG DN/ND NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 5710

Language: French Creole

Dialect: Haitian

Location: Haiti

Population: 7.8 million (1 million)

Classification: French-Based Creole

Dictionary: Faine, Jules. 1974. Dictionnaire français-créole. Ottawa: Leméac.

Grammar: d'Ans, André-Marcel. 1968. Le créole français d'Haı̈ti. The Hague: Mouton.

TextBooks: Valdman, Albert. 1970. Basic Course in Haitian Creole. Bloomington: Indiana Univ.

Other Sources: AL 6:8

Consonant system:

   p t̪ k
b d̪ ɡ
    č
    ɡ̌
f s̪ š
v z̪ ž ɣ
m n̪ ñ
    l̪

Stops: p b t̪ d̪ k ɡ

Affricates: č ɡ̌

Fricatives: f v s̪ z̪ š ž ɣ

Nasals: m n̪ ñ

Laterals: l̪

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i (y) u
e (ø) o
ɛ (œ) ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i (y) e (ø) ɛ (œ)

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Nasal Vowels: ẽ ã õ

Syllable: (C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)

Stress: final

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 1

Articles: def indef

Pronouns:

1 4
2
3 6

Syntax: SVO NA/(AN) NG ND NUM-N N-POSS

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 5711

Language: French Creole

Dialect: Guyana

Location: Guyana

Population: 7.8 million

Classification: French-Based Creole

Grammar: Fauquenoy, Marguerite Saint Jacques. 1972. Analyse structurale du créole guyanais. Paris: Klincksieck.

Other Sources: Corne, Chris. 1971. "Le patois créole français de la Guyane (St-Laurent-du-Maroni): Esquisse de grammaire," Te Reo 14, 81-103.

Consonant system:

   p t̪ k
b d̪ ɡ
    č
    ɡ̌
f s š
v z ž
m n̪ ñ
    l̪
    ʁ

Stops: p b t̪ d̪ k ɡ

Affricates: č ɡ̌

Fricatives: f v s z š ž

Nasals: m n̪ ñ

Laterals: l̪

Vibrants: ʁ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i (y) u
e (ø) o
ɛ (œ) ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i (y) e (ø) ɛ (œ)

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Nasal Vowels: ẽ ã õ

Syllable: (C)(C)V(C)

Noun Number: s p

Demonstratives: 1

Articles: def indef

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6
politeness: 2 intimate/2 polite

Syntax: SVO NA/(AN) NG DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 5712

Language: French Creole

Dialect: Indian Ocean

Location: Seychelles Is, Mauritius, Reunion Is.

Population: 7.8 million

Classification: French-Based Creole

Dictionary: Chaudenson, Robert. 1974. Le lexique du parler créole de la Réunion.

Other Sources:

Corne, Chris. 1969. "Les dialectes créoles français de Maurice et des Seychelles, Esquisse de phonologie, suivie de textes," Te Reo 12, 48-63.
Corne, Chris. 1977. "Notes on Seychelles Creole Phonology," Te Reo 20, 95-110.

Consonant system:

   p t k
b d ɡ
f s
v z
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    ʁ

Stops: p b t d k ɡ

Fricatives: f v s z

Nasals: m n ñ ŋ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: ʁ

Glides: j

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Nasal Vowels: ẽ ã õ

Stress: final

Demonstratives: 1

Articles: def indef

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO NA/AN NG DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: PREP

Number: 5713

Language: French Creole

Alternate Name: Tay Boi

Dialect: Vietnam

Location: Vietnam

Population: 7.8 million (extinct)

Classification: French-Based Creole

Other Sources: Liem, Nguyen Dang. 1979. "Cases and Verbs in Pidgin French (Tay Boi)," in PL A57, 217-46.

Consonant system:

    t̪ k
b d̪
f s̪ š
    ɣ
m n̪ ñ
    l̪
    ṛ

Stops: b t̪ d̪ k

Fricatives: f s̪ š ɣ

Nasals: m n̪ ñ

Laterals: l̪

Vibrants: ṛ

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e ǝ ɤ o
ɛ ɐ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i e ɛ

Central Vowels: ǝ ɐ a

Back Vowels: u o ɤ ɔ

Tones: hi-lev hi-ris lo-lev mid-ris lo-ris

Syntax: SVO

Number: 5714

Language: Bamboo Spanish

Location: Philippines (Davao)

Population: few

Classification: Spanish-Based Creole

Consonant system:

Number: 5715

Language: Chavacano

Dialect: Davaueño

Location: SE Philippines (SE Mindanao)

Population: 293,000 (3,000)

Classification: Spanish-Based Creole

Other Sources: AL 6:8

Consonant system:

   p t k
b d g
    č
    s š h
m n ñ
    l ʎ
    r

Stops: p b t d k ɡ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: s š h

Nasals: m n ñ

Laterals: l ʎ

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Stress: phonemic

Number: 5716

Language: Chavacano

Dialect: Ermitaño

Location: NC Philippines (S Luzon)

Population: 293,000 (nearly extinct)

Classification: Spanish-Based Creole

Other Sources: AL 6:8

Consonant system:

   p t k
b d g
    č
    s š h
m n ñ
    l ʎ
    r

Stops: p b t d k ɡ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: s š h

Nasals: m n ñ

Laterals: l ʎ

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Stress: phonemic

Number: 5717

Language: Chavacano

Dialect: Zamboangueño

Location: S Philippines (W Mindanao)

Population: 293,000 (155,000)

Classification: Spanish-Based Creole

Other Sources: AL 6:8

Consonant system:

   p t k
b d g
    č
    s š h
m n ñ
    l ʎ
    r

Stops: p b t d k ɡ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: s š h

Nasals: m n ñ

Laterals: l ʎ

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Stress: phonemic

Number: 5718

Language: Chavacano

Dialect: Caviteño

Location: NC Philippines (S Luzon)

Population: 293,000 (29,000)

Classification: Spanish-Based Creole

Other Sources: AL 6:8

Consonant system:

   p t k
b d ɡ
    č
    s š h
m n ñ
    l ʎ
    r

Stops: p b t d k ɡ

Affricates: č

Fricatives: s š h

Nasals: m n ñ

Laterals: l ʎ

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e o
a

Front Vowels: i e

Central Vowels: a

Back Vowels: u o

Stress: phonemic

Number: 5719

Language: Palenquero

Location: Colombia

Classification: Spanish-Based Creole

Consonant system:

Number: 5720

Language: Indo-Portuguese

Location: Sri Lanka

Classification: Portuguese-Based Creole

Other Sources:

Smith, Ian Russell. 1978. "Sri Lanka Creole Portuguese," IJDL 7, 248-406.
Smith, Ian. 1979. "Substrata vs. Universals in the Formation of Sri Lanka Portuguese," in PL A57, 183-200.

Consonant system:

   p t k
b d ɡ
    č
    ɡ̌
f s
    z
m n ñ
    l
    r

Stops: p b t d k ɡ

Affricates: č ɡ̌

Fricatives: f s z

Nasals: m n ñ

Laterals: l

Vibrants: r

Glides: j w

Vowel system:

i u
e ǝ o
æ ɔ
a

Front Vowels: i e æ

Central Vowels: ǝ

Back Vowels: u o ɔ

Long Vowels: ī ē ǣ ā ū ō ɔ̄

Syllable: (C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)(C)

Stress: on final syllable if closed; otherwise penult

Noun Number: s p

Pronouns:

1 4
2 5
3mf 6
politeness: 2 3 5 6 have (1) plain and (2) honorific forms

Syntax: SOV AN GN DN NUM-N POSS-N

Prep/Post: POST