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\data\typol\typology
Number: 861
Language: Pande
Location: Central African Republic
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Ngundi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 862
Language: Mbati
Location: S Central African Republic
Population: 15,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Ngundi
Other Sources: AGT
Consonant system:

    t k kp
b ʔb d ʔd ɡ ɡb
ɸ s
    z
m n ñ
    l

Stops: b ʔb t d ʔd k ɡ kp ɡb
Fricatives: ɸ s z
Nasals: m n ñ
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants: Nc b d ɡ ɡb z
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   

Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Tones: extra-hi hi mid lo ris fall
Number: 863
Language: Mbomotaba
Alternate Name: Babole, Dibole
Location: Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Ngundi
Other Sources: WALS
Consonant system:

   




Syntax: SVO
Number: 864
Language: Bongili
Location: Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Ngundi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 865
Language: Lobala
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Ngundi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 866
Language: Mboko2
Location: Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Mboshi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 867
Language: Akwa
Location: NE Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Mboshi
Other Sources: AGT
Consonant system:

   p t k kp
ɓ ɗ ɡ ɡb
    s
v z
m n ñ
    l

Stops: p ɓ t ɗ k ɡ kp ɡb
Fricatives: v s z
Nasals: m n ñ
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants: Nc b d ɡ ɡb z
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   

Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Tones: hi lo ris fall
Number: 868
Language: Ngare
Location: Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Mboshi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 869
Language: Koyo
Location: Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Mboshi
Other Sources: E
Consonant system:

   




Syntax: SVO
Number: 870
Language: Mboshi
Location: Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Mboshi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 871
Language: Kwala
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Mboshi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 872
Language: Kuba
Location: Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Mboshi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 873
Language: Ngiri
Alternate Name: Mabaale
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Population: 6,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Bangi-Ntomba
Other Sources: Tanghe, J. 1929. "Mable Stories," BSOAS 5, 359-78 & 571-86.
Consonant system:

   p t k
b (ɓ) d ɡ
    ɡ̌
f s
    ž
m n ŋ
    l

Stops: p b (ɓ) t d k ɡ
Affricates: ɡ̌
Fricatives: f s ž
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants: Nc p b t d k ɡ ɡ̌ s
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   

Front Vowels: i I e ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u ʋ o ɔ
Long Vowels: v̄
Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: 14
Demonstratives: 3
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3 6
3 & 6 vary with noun class

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
Prep/Post: PREP
Number: 874
Language: Bobangi
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Bangi-Ntomba
Grammar: GD: Whitehead, John. 1899. Grammar and Dictionary of the Bobangi Language. London. [Reprinted 1964 by Gregg Press, Ridgewood, NJ]
Consonant system:

   p t k
b d ɡ
    ts
    s
    z
m n
    l

Stops: p b t d k ɡ
Affricates: ts
Fricatives: s z
Nasals: m n
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants: Nc
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   

Front Vowels: i I e
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Tones:

   hi lo

Stress: initial
Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: 11 (kinship terms, names of foreign origin)
Demonstratives: 3 this here, that yonder visible, that remote invisible (=ref)
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3 6
3 & 6 vary with noun class

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
Prep/Post: PREP
Number: 875
Language: Sengele
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Bangi-Ntomba
Other Sources: WALS
Consonant system:

   




Syntax: SVO
Number: 876
Language: Sakata
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Bangi-Ntomba
Consonant system:

   




Number: 877
Language: Ntomba
Alternate Name: Bolia
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Population: 45,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Bangi-Ntomba
Grammar: GD: Mamet, M. 1955. La langue ntomba. Tervuren: Annales du Musée Royal du Congo Belge.
Consonant system:

   p t k
b d
(f) s h
m n ŋ
    l

Stops: p b t d k
Fricatives: (f) s h
Nasals: m n ŋ
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants: Nc p b t d k ɡ s z ž
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   

Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Modified Vowels: vowel harmony
Tones: hi lo ris fall
Stress: root initial
Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: 9
Demonstratives: 3 + ref
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
Prep/Post: PREP
Number: 878
Language: Losengo
Dialect: Lingala
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Population: 7 million
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Bangi-Ntomba
Dictionary:

   Blavier, E. 1958. Dictionnaire-Woordenboeck: lingala-français-néerlandais. Leopoldville : La Librairie Congolaise.

Grammar:

   GD: Guthrie, Malcolm. 1939. Grammaire et dictionnaire de lingala Cambridge, Eng: W. Heffer Sons. [Reprinted 1966 by Gregg Press, Farnborough, England].
Bwantsa-Kafungu, Pierre. 1970. Esquisse grammaticale de lingala. Kinshasa: Univ of Lovanium.
Ellington, John. 1974. A Handbook of Kinshasa Lingala. n.p.
Redden, James and F.Bongo. 1963. Lingala: Basic Course. Washington, D.C.: Foreign Service Institute.

TextBooks: Everbroeck, R. van. 1969. Le lingala: parlé et écrit. n.p.
Consonant system:

   p t k
b (d) (ɡ)
f s (h)
v z
m n
    l

Stops: p b t (d) k (ɡ)
Fricatives: f v s z (h)
Nasals: m n
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants:

   Nc b d ɡ v z (p t k f s)
cj b m n
cʷ p b t k ɡ ts s z m n

Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   

Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Syllable: (C)V Nˈ
Tones: hi lo ris fall (fall-ris)
Stress: penult
Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: 8 (6 pl)
Demonstratives: 2 + ref
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3hH 6hH
H=non-human

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
Prep/Post: PREP
Comments: Lingala is used as a trade language along the Zaire River.
Number: 879
Language: Buja
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Population: 100,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Bangi-Ntomba
Consonant system:

   




Number: 880
Language: Ngombe2
Location: Democratic Republic of Congo
Population: 150,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Northwest: Zone C: Ngombe
Dictionary: Rood, N. 1958. Ngombe-Nederlands-Frans Woordenboek. Tervuren: Annales du Musée Royal du Congo Belge.
Grammar: GD: Ruskin, Edward Algernon. 1937. Notes on the Grammar of Lingombe. Bongandanga, Belgian Congo: CBM Press.
Consonant system:

   p t k kp
b ɓ d ɗ ɡ ɡb
    ɡ̌
    s h
m n
    l

Stops: p b ɓ t d ɗ k ɡ kp ɡb
Affricates: ɡ̌
Fricatives: s h
Nasals: m n
Laterals: l
Modified Consonants: Nc b d ɡ ɡb ɡ̌
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   

Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Tones: hi lo ris fall
Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: 8 (persons)
Demonstratives: 2 + ref
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3 6
3 & 6 vary with noun class

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
Prep/Post: PREP
typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-tones,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-tones,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-tones,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-modifiedvo,typology-tones,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-dialect,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-grammar,typology-textbooks,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-syllable,typology-tones,typology-stress,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-comments,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-dictionary,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-tones,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,
Total of 5736 records 287 pages

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