Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Pogoro
Other Sources:WALS
Consonant system:
Syntax:SVO
Number:982
Language:Ndamba
Population:19,000
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Pogoro
Consonant system:
Number:983
Language:Sango2
Population:23,000
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Consonant system:
Number:984
Language:Sango2
Location:Central African Republic
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Consonant system:
Number:985
Language:Sango2
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Consonant system:
Number:986
Language:Sango2
Location:S Central African Republic
Population:1.5 million
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Dictionary:Taber, Charles R. 1965. A Dictionary of Sango. Hartford: Hartford Seminary Foundation.
Grammar:
Samarin, William. 1967. A Grammar of Sango. The Hague: Mouton. Samarin, W. J. 1970. Sango: Langue de l'Afrique Centrale. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
TextBooks:Samarin, William J. 1967. Lessons in Sango, 2 vols. Hartford: Hartford Seminary Foundation.
Other Sources:Taber, Charles R. 1964. French Loan Words in Sango: A Statistical Analysis of Incidence. HSL 12.
Consonant system:
p t k kp b ɓ d (ɗ) ɡ ɡb f s h v z m n l ɾ
Stops:p b ɓ t d (ɗ) k ɡ kp ɡb
Fricatives:f v s z h
Nasals:m n
Laterals:l
Vibrants:ɾ
Modified Consonants:Nc b d ɡ ɡb (v) z
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:i e ɛ
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o ɔ
Long Vowels:ī ā ō
Nasal Vowels:æ̃ ã ũ ɒ̃
Tones:hi mid lo (ris) (fall)
Stress:non-phonemic
Noun Number:s p
Demonstratives:1
Articles:def
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 3 6 5=6
Syntax:SVO AN/NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
Prep/Post:PREP
Comments:Sango is a lingua franca based on Ngbandi, with French and Bantu loans.
Number:987
Language:Hehe
Location:EC Tanzania
Population:192,000
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Other Sources:WALS
Consonant system:
Syntax:SVO
Number:988
Language:Bena
Population:158,000
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Consonant system:
Number:989
Language:Pangwa
Location:Tanzania
Population:38,000
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Other Sources:WALS
Consonant system:
Syntax:SVO
Number:990
Language:Kinga
Location:Tanzania
Population:57,000
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Other Sources:WALS
Consonant system:
Syntax:SVO
Number:991
Language:Wanji
Population:18,000
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Consonant system:
Number:992
Language:Kisi2
Population:4,000
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Consonant system:
Number:993
Language:Kisi2
Location:Liberia
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone G: Bena-Kinga
Consonant system:
Number:994
Language:Bembe2
Location:Congo
Population:35,000
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
Other Sources:Jacquot, A. 1962. "Notes sur la phonologie du beembe (Congo)," JAL 1, 232-42.
Consonant system:
ph th kh b d ɡ pfh tsh bv dz f s v z m n l
Stops:ph b th d kh ɡ
Affricates:pfh bv tsh dz
Fricatives:f v s z
Nasals:m n
Laterals:l
Modified Consonants:Nc ?
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Nasal Vowels:
ṽ all v̄̃ all
Tones:hi lo ris fall
Syntax:SVO NA
Number:995
Language:Yombe
Location:Democratic Republic of Congo
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
Grammar:Clercq, L. de. 1921. Grammaire du kiyombe. Brussels: Goemaere.
Other Sources:Meeussen, A. E. and D. Ndembe. 1964. "Principes de tonologie yombe (Kongo Occidental)," JAL 3, 135-61.
Consonant system:
p ph t th k kh b d ŋɡ (pf) ts f s v z m n ñ ŋ l
Stops:p ph b t th d k khŋɡ
Affricates:(pf) ts
Fricatives:f v s z
Nasals:m n ñ ŋ
Laterals:l
Modified Consonants:Nc b d ɡ v z
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Syllable:Nˈ
Tones:hi lo ris fall
Noun Classes:noun classes
Demonstratives:3
Articles:def
Syntax:SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
Prep/Post:PREP
Number:996
Language:Kunyi
Location:Congo
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
Consonant system:
Number:997
Language:Ndingi
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
Consonant system:
Number:998
Language:Mboka
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
Consonant system:
Number:999
Language:Kongo
Alternate Name:Fiote
Location:Democratic Republic of Congo
Population:1.5 million
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo
Dictionary:Laman, K. E. and M. Westling. 1972. Vocabulaire kikongo-français - français-kikongo. Kinshasa: Leco.
Grammar:GD: Bentley, W. Holman. 1887, 1895. Dictionary and Grammar of the Kongo language, 2 vols. London: Baptist Missionary Society. [Reprinted 1967 by Gregg Press, Farnborough, England]
TextBooks:Dereau, Léon. 1955. Cours de kikongo. Namur, Belgium: Wesmael-Charlier.
Other Sources:Lumwamu, François. 1973. Essai de morphosyntaxe systématique des parlers kongo. Paris: Klincksieck.
Consonant system:
p t k b d ŋɡ pf ts dz f s (h) v z ɣ m n (ŋ) l
Stops:p b t d k ŋɡ
Affricates:pf ts dz
Fricatives:f v s z ɣ (h)
Nasals:m n (ŋ)
Laterals:l
Modified Consonants:Nc p b t d k ɡ f v s z
Glides:j w
Vowel system:
Front Vowels:i e
Central Vowels:a
Back Vowels:u o
Long Vowels:v̄ all
Syllable:(C)V mˈ
Tones:hi lo
Noun Number:s p
Noun Classes:12
Demonstratives:3
Pronouns:
1 4 2 5 3* 6* 3 & 6 vary with noun class
Syntax:SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS N+D+A
Prep/Post:PREP
Comments:Widely used as a lingua franca.
Number:1000
Language:Dondo
Location:Congo
Classification:Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: South Central: Eastern: Benue-Zambesi: Nyima: Wel: Bantoid: Broad Bantu: Narrow Bantu: Central: Zone H: Kongo