Yenisseian etymology : Query result

Proto-Yenisseian: *toʔd- (~c-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: shallow (of a river)

Ket: tɔʔt; tɔdǝm⁵ 'shallowly'

Yug: tɔtarɨŋ (Werner 2, 272)

Comments: Yug -t- instead of *-d- probably because of assimilation.

Proto-Yenisseian: *toj-

Meaning: channel, duct

Ket: tōj, Kur. tōji¹; pl. tɔjeń⁵

Yug: toj, pl. tɔjeŋ⁵

Comments: ССЕ 287. The form may reflect a compound *tu-h[e]j- "backwater"+"island"; for a similar compound *h[e]j-tu see *tu. Werner 2, 283 *t^hojǝ.

Proto-Yenisseian: *tokV (~-x-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: mortar

Ket: tō, Bak., Sur. tō / tōɣǝ¹; pl. tɔ:n³ / tɔ:³

Comments: ССЕ 287. Werner 2, 283 suggests *t^hop^hǝ; this is theoretically not excluded (*-p- would also disappear in Ket), but not supported by any evidence.

Proto-Yenisseian: *t[o]ŕ

Meaning: light; cheap

Ket: tōĺgit (Кастр.) 'cheap' ? tol 'shallow', (Werner 2, 273) tɔ́ĺgit

Yug: tɔ́ĺgid́ɛʔ 'dieses ist billig' (Werner 2, 273)

Kottish: thui "легкий, дешевый"; (Бол.) tujga "легко"

Pumpokol: tütelä (Лоск.) "lightly"

Comments: ССЕ 287. Werner 2, 272, 273.

Proto-Yenisseian: *tɔj

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to hang

Ket: tujuŋ (Werner 2, 284) 'aufhängen'

Yug: dut́āb-tui (Кастр.)

Kottish: fō-taj-aŋ, feš-taj-aŋ

Comments: ССЕ 287. The comparison was suggested by K. Reshetnikov. Werner 2, 284 (without reconstruction).

Proto-Yenisseian: *tɔ̄q

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: a k. of duck

Ket: tɔ:ʁǝ⁴, South. tɔʁ⁴; pl. tōʁɨń¹ 'a k. of duck (гоголь)'

Yug: tɔ:^hx, pl. tɔxɨn⁵ id.

Kottish: althax, pl. althagan, althakŋ "Quakerente (Anas clangula)"

Comments: ССЕ 287. Werner 2, 276 <*t^hoʔǝqǝ>.

Proto-Yenisseian: *tu

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bay, backwater

Ket: ei-tu (Castr.) "Flussbusen"

Kottish: hau-tu, pl. -an "Flussbusen"

Comments: ССЕ 288. The Kottish form is a compound parallel to Ket ei-tu (pl. ejäŋ tuneŋ) "Flussbusen", in the first part of which we have Ket ēje 'island' (see *h[e]j-). Werner 2, 309,

Proto-Yenisseian: *tu

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: raw, unripe

Ket: tū; tugóm (Ад) "wetly, rawly"

Yug: tu

Kottish: thu

Pumpokol: tujem (Срсл., Кл.) "wetly, rawly" (can be in fact a Yug form)

Comments: ССЕ 288. Werner 2, 295 (without reconstruction).

Proto-Yenisseian: *tu-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: a demonstrative stem

Ket: tuda⁶ (Bak., Sur.) "this" (n., f.), tūdǝ¹ "this" (m.), tuna "these"; Kur. tuŕa⁶ "this" (n., f.); tūŕǝ "this" (m.), tuna "these"; South. tuŕ "this", tuna "these"; tɔʔn "thus"; tunbiś⁵ "such"; tuńíĺ ( < tuńi:ĺ³) "thence"; North. tuśɛ́ŋ, South. tuśáŋ "there"

Yug: tuda⁶ "this" (n., f.); tūt "this" (m.); tuńa^5,6 "these"; tɔʔn "thus"; tunbiś⁵ "such"; tuńъ:r³ "thence"; tusɛ́ŋ / tusɛ:^hŋ⁴ "there"

Arin: itaŋ (М., Сл., Кл.) "they"

Pumpokol: á-du (Сл.) "he"

Comments: ССЕ 288. Werner 2, 294 (separates Ket-Yug *tu- from tɔʔn 'thus, so' and from the Arin and Pump. forms - which I think is hardly justified).

Proto-Yenisseian: *tu(ʔ) ( ~ *c-)

Meaning: bow-string

Ket: qʌ́q-tut (Werner 2, 145)

Yug: tut́, pl. tuŋ (Кастр.)

Kottish: gij-tu (Бол.)

Arin: kej-tu (Лоск.)

Comments: ССЕ 214. Kott. and Arin reflect a compound with *χɨʔǯ "bow" (q.v.) as the first component. The Yug form was explained in КС 222 as a reduplication, with a regular dissimilation tut́ < *t́ut́, with a resulting reconstruction *cu(ʔ) / *cuc. Other explanations are, however, possible: a) Werner (2, 293) suggests a compound *t^hu-t'ǝ, with the second component = Ket. tiʔ 'rope'; this does not seem quite convincing, basically because Yug -t' is unexplained (the corresponding Yug form is tiʔ, see Werner 2, 267 and *tiʔ); b) if the Yug form is in reality tu:(^h)t́ (assuming Castren's recording is incorrect), we can think of a contracted compound *tu(ʔ)-χɨʔǯ, with the same χɨʔǯ, but as the second element of compound in Ket and Yug. qʌ́q- ( = qʌʔq-) in the Ket form recorded by Werner is interpreted by him as qʌʔq 'corner, angle'.

Proto-Yenisseian: *tuʔ-ŋ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: ten

Kottish: -thukŋ: tōn-thikŋ "30" etc.; (Бол.) in-tuk "20", ton-tuku "30"

Arin: kina-mančau thūŋ "80" (М., Сл., Кл.,); kin-tuŋ (Стр.) "20"; qin-thjū́ŋ (Сл., Кл.) id.; qin-thjuŋ (М.) id.; (Лоск.): kin-tüga "20", tün-tüga "30"

Comments: ССЕ 289. Werner 2, 318.

Proto-Yenisseian: *tuʔw-

Meaning: clay

Ket: tuʔ 'c`lay (dry)'; tu-ĺtän⁵ (a compound with an unclear second component)

Kottish: t́u (Ass.) (М., Сл., Кл.), t́hu (Срсл.)

Arin: t́ubúrun (Кл.), t́uburuŋ (М., Сл., Срсл.), tülpenem (Лоск.)

Pumpokol: tu (Сл., Срсл., Кл.)

Comments: ССЕ 288. Similarity with Selk. t́ū 'earth, clay' ( < Samod. *jɔǝ̂ 'earth'), noted by Helimski (КС 249) is most probably accidental. However, PY *tuʔw- may be borrowed from a different Samoyed source, cf. En. tóbo 'clay' (Samod. *t¹ǝ̂pǝ̂ 'dirt, earth'), see ibid. Werner 2, 293 <*t^huʔ> (quoting also a number of forms belonging to *tǝq- q.v.).

Proto-Yenisseian: *tuGV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: back, behind

Ket: tū, pl. tūńeŋ¹ back (place between shoulder-blades)

Yug: tu 'Innenraum der Brust' (Werner 2, 294)

Kottish: tugalin (Бол.) седалище

Comments: ССЕ 289. Werner 2, 294 (doubts the attribution of the Kott. word).

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