Altaic etymology : Query result

Proto-Altaic: *apuči

Meaning: elder in-law

Russian meaning: старший свойственник

Turkic: *Abuč-ka

Mongolian: *(h)abisu-n

Tungus-Manchu: *abusi

Comments: A Western isogloss. Mong. has -s- (instead of the expected *-č-) probably because of a fusion with the productive suffix -su(n).

Proto-Altaic: *bĕŕa

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: peace

Russian meaning: мир

Turkic: *bAŕ- / *bAr-

Mongolian: *berele-

Tungus-Manchu: *bere

Comments: A Western isogloss. The Mong. word is usually analysed as 'to behave like a daughter-in-law' (see e.g. KW 42, L 99), which may be a folk-etymology (in view of the external evidence).

Proto-Altaic: *bĕ̀ré

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: daughter-in-law

Russian meaning: невестка, младшая свойственница

Mongolian: *beri-

Tungus-Manchu: *bener

Japanese: *bǝ̀tǝ́-

Comments: For TM one has to suppose a resonant metathesis: *bener < *bere-n.

Proto-Altaic: *kele ( ~ -i, -o)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: daughter-in-law, bride

Russian meaning: невеста, невестка

Turkic: *gẹlin

Tungus-Manchu: *keli

Comments: ОСНЯ 1, 296, Räsänen 1955, 18:3, 9. A well known Turk.-Tung. isogloss. Despite Doerfer TMN 3, 667 (Tung.-Turk.: "...der Vergleich zweifelhaft bleibt"; Turk. *gelin < *gel- 'come' - "ethnologisch sehr überzeugende Etymologie"...), the relation between PT *gẹl- 'to come' and *gẹlin 'daughter-in-law' is purely folk-etymological.

Proto-Altaic: *kude

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: relative-in-law

Russian meaning: свойственник

Turkic: *güde-

Mongolian: *kuda

Comments: A Turk.-Mong. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *k`i̯ùčù

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to scrape; claw, sharp stick

Russian meaning: скрести;коготь, острая палочка

Turkic: *Kɨč-

Mongolian: *kučil-

Tungus-Manchu: *xosī-kta

Korean: *koč

Japanese: *kùsì

Comments: Цинциус 1984, 99, Martin 241, Whit 1985, 135, 165, 223, АПиПЯЯ 16, 77, 290.

Proto-Altaic: *ńi̯ṑgè

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: son-in-law, nephew

Russian meaning: зять, племянник

Turkic: *jEgin

Mongolian: *ǯeɣe

Tungus-Manchu: *ńōg-

Japanese: *mùkuâ

Comments: Владимирцов 198. The Jpn. word is to be analysed as *mu- ( < *ńi̯ōge) + *kua 'son, child'.

Proto-Altaic: *ši̯op`a

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: claw, to claw

Russian meaning: коготь, хватать когтями

Mongolian: *sabur

Tungus-Manchu: *šopa-

Comments: Мудрак Дисс. 41. Cf. *sép`a.

Proto-Altaic: *tā́jV

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: elder in-law, elder relative

Russian meaning: старший свойственник, родственник

Turkic: *dāj-

Tungus-Manchu: *dā

Japanese: *dia ( ~ *dai)

Comments: Cf. Bur. Olkh. dajdaj 'auntie'.

Proto-Altaic: *t`ŏ̀ŕe

Meaning: law, regulation

Russian meaning: закон, правило

Turkic: *töŕ

Mongolian: *töre

Tungus-Manchu: *turgun

Japanese: *tǝ̀tǝ̀-nǝ̀p-

Comments: Turk. *törü 'law' is probably an old derivative of *töŕ: *törgü, with an early disappearance of *-g-: cf. Hung. törvény < Old Chuv., pointing to *-g-. Mong. *töre may be < Turk. (see TMN 1, 266), though not necessarily so.

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