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Articles and Books: The Tower of Babel Electronic Library

[All texts are in .PDF format unless otherwise noted]

General and Methodological Works

Sergei A. Starostin. Comparative-Historical Linguistics and Lexicostatistics. // Originally in: Time Depth in Historical Linguistics, v. 1. Cambridge: The McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 2000, pp. 223-265. ENGLISH
Ilia Peiros
. Macro Families: Can A Mistake Be Detected?. // Originally in: Indo-European, Nostratic, and Beyond: Festschrift for Vitalij V. Shevoroshkin. Ed. by Iren Hegedus, Peter A. Michalove and Alexis Manaster Ramer. JIES Monograph No. 22. Institute for the Study of Man, Washington DC, 1997, pp. 265-292. ENGLISH
Ilia Peiros
. Family Evolution, Language History and Genetic Classification. // Originally in: Historical Linguistics & Lexicostatistics. Ed. by Vitaly Shevoroshkin & Paul J. Sidwell. Melbourne, 1999, pp. 257-305. ENGLISH
Sergei A. Starostin
. Proving Language Relationship. // Originally in: Typology and Theory of Language (a Festschrift for A. Ye. Kibrik on his 60th Birthday). Moscow: Languages of Russian Culture, 1999, pp. 57-69. Reprinted in: S. A. Starostin. Trudy po yazykoznaniyu. Moscow: Languages of Slavic Cultures, 2007, pp. 779-793. RUSSIAN
Sergei A. Starostin
. Methodology of Long-Range Comparison. // Originally in: Historical Linguistics & Lexicostatistics. Ed. by Vitaly Shevoroshkin & Paul J. Sidwell. Melbourne, 1999, pp. 61-66. ENGLISH
Merritt Ruhlen
. Global Typological Database: A Description. // Manuscript, 2004. ENGLISH
Anna V. Dybo, George S. Starostin
. In Defense of the Comparative Method, or the End of the Vovin Controversy. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 3. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2008, pp. 109-258. ENGLISH

Indo-European Family

Vladimir A. Dybo. Balto-Slavic Accentology And Winter's Law . // Originally in: Studia Linguarum, v. 3. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2002, pp. 295-515. ENGLISH
Vladimir A. Dybo.
Baltic Comparative-Historical and Lithuanian Historical Accentology. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 1. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2005, pp. 177-213. RUSSIAN
Vladimir A. Dybo.
Reflexation of Indo-European Long Syllabic Resonants (Nasal and Lateral) in Celto-Italic Languages (in Defense of H. Pedersen's Conception). // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 2. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2007, pp. 11-27. RUSSIAN
Vladimir A. Dybo.
German Shortening of the Indo-European Lengths, German «Verschaerfung» (Holtzmann’s Law) and Balto-Slavic Accentology. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 3. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2008, pp. 537-608. RUSSIAN

Altaic Family

Sergei A. Starostin. The Altaic Problem and the Origins of the Japanese Language [MONOGRAPH]. // Originally: Moscow: Nauka Publishers, 1991. RUSSIAN
Anna V. Dybo.
Dental Explosives in Proto-Turkic. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 1. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2005, pp. 49-82. RUSSIAN
Oleg A. Mudrak.
Notes On The Language And Culture Of The Danubian Bulgars. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 1. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2005, pp. 83-106. RUSSIAN
Anna V. Dybo.
Reconstruction of Proto-Oghuz Conjugation. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 2. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2007, pp. 259-280. RUSSIAN
Oleg A. Mudrak.
The development of l1-clusters in Proto-Altaic. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 2. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2007, pp. 337-352. RUSSIAN

Eskimo Family

Oleg A. Mudrak. Kamchukchee and Eskimo Glottochronology and Some Altaic Etymologies Found in the Swadesh List. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 3. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2008, pp. 297-336. ENGLISH

Dravidian Family

George S. Starostin. Alveolar Consonants in Proto-Dravidian: One or More? // Originally in: Proceedings of the International Conference on South Asian Languages (July 1-4, 1997). Moscow: Institute of Asian and African Studies, 1998, pp. 183-194. ENGLISH
George S. Starostin.
Once More on Personal Pronouns in Dravidian Languages. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 2. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2007, pp. 101-150. RUSSIAN

Afro-Asiatic Macrofamily

Alexander Yu. Militarev. Once More About Glottochronology And The Comparative Method: The Omotic-Afrasian case. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 1. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2005, pp. 339-408. ENGLISH
Alexander Yu. Militarev.
Root Extension And Root Formation In Semitic And Afrasian. // Originally in: Proceedings of the Barcelona Symposium on comparative Semitic, 19-20/11/2004. Aula Orientalis 23/1-2, 2005, pp. 83-129. ENGLISH

Sino-Caucasian Macrofamily

Sergei A. Starostin. Word-final Resonants in Sino-Caucasian. // Originally in: Journal of Chinese Linguistics, vol. 24.2, 1996, pp. 281-311. Reprinted in: S. A. Starostin. Trudy po yazykoznaniyu. Moscow: Languages of Slavic Cultures, 2007, pp. 633-659.
Sergei A. Starostin. Sino-Caucasian [comparative phonology]. // Unpublished (written in 2004-05). ENGLISH
Sergei A. Starostin.
Sino-Caucasian [comparative glossary]. // Unpublished (written in 2004-05). ENGLISH
John D. Bengtson
. Materials for a Comparative Grammar of the Dene-Caucasian (Sino-Caucasian) Languages. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 3. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2008, pp. 45-118. ENGLISH

North Caucasian Family

Sergei L. Nikolayev. North Caucasian Borrowings in Hittite and Old Greek. // Originally in: Ancient Anatolia. Moscow: Nauka, 1985, pp. 60-73. RUSSIAN
Sergei A. Starostin
. Indo-European/North Caucasian Isoglosses. // Originally in: Ancient Orient. Ethnocultural Relations. Moscow: Nauka, 1988, pp. 112-163. RUSSIAN
Igor M. Diakonoff, Sergei A. Starostin
. Hurro-Urartian and East Caucasian Languages. // Originally in: Ancient Orient. Ethnocultural Relations. Moscow: Nauka, 1988, pp. 164-207. RUSSIAN
Sergei A. Starostin.
A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary: Preface [MONOGRAPH]. // Originally: Moscow, Asterisk Publishers, 1994, pp.7-199. Reprinted: Ann Arbor, Caravan Books, 2007, pp. 7-199. ENGLISH
Sergei A. Starostin.
Genetic Relationship and Classification of Caucasian Languages from the Basic Lexicon Point of View. // Originally in: Alarodii (Ethno-Genetic Research). Makhachkala: Institute of History, Archaeology, and Ethnography, 1995, pp. 42-65. Reprinted in: S. A. Starostin. Trudy po yazykoznaniyu. Moscow: Languages of Slavic Cultures, 2007, pp. 529-545. RUSSIAN

Sino-Tibetan Family

Sergei A. Starostin. Reconstruction of the Phonological System of Old Chinese (chapters 1 & 2) [MONOGRAPH]. // Ìoscow: Nauka, 1989. RUSSIAN
Sergei A. Starostin.
Old Chinese Basic Vocabulary: A Historical Perspective. // Originally in: Journal of Chinese Linguistics, Monograph Series 8 (The Ancestry of Chinese Language). Ed. by William S.-Y. Wang. Berkeley: Project on Linguistic Analysis, 1995, pp. 225-251. Reprinted in: S. A. Starostin. Trudy po yazykoznaniyu. Moscow: Languages of Slavic Cultures, 2007, pp. 547-570. ENGLISH
Sergei A. Starostin.
The Historical Position of Bai. // Originally in: The Moscow Linguistic Journal, v. 1. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 1995, pp. 174-190. Reprinted in: S. A. Starostin. Trudy po yazykoznaniyu. Moscow: Languages of Slavic Cultures, 2007, pp. 580-590. ENGLISH
Sergei A. Starostin.
Genesis of the Long Vowels in Sino-Tibetan. // Originally in: Problems of the Study of Long-Distance Language Relationships on the Eve of the 3rd Millennium. Conference Abstracts. Ì., èçä. ÐÃÃÓ, 2000, pp. 224-231. ENGLISH

Yeniseian Family

Sergei A. Starostin. The Reconstruction of Proto-Yeniseian and the External Relations of Yeniseian Languages. // Originally in: The Ket Volume (Studia Ketica), v. 3. Anthropology, ethnography, mythology, linguistics. Leningrad: Nauka Publishers, 1982, pp. 144-237. Reprinted in: S. A. Starostin. Trudy po yazykoznaniyu. Moscow: Languages of Slavic Cultures, 2007, pp. 147-246. RUSSIAN
Kirill Yu. Reshetnikov, George S. Starostin.
The Structure of the Ket Verbal Form. // Originally in: The Ket Volume (Studia Ketica), v. 4. Moscow: Languages of Russian Culture, 1995, pp. 7-121. RUSSIAN
Kirill Yu. Reshetnikov, George S. Starostin.
Morphology of the Kott Verb and Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Verbal System. // Originally in: The Ket Volume (Studia Ketica), v. 4. Moscow: Languages of Russian Culture, 1995, pp. 122-175. RUSSIAN

Austronesian Family

Murray Gell-Mann, Ilia Peiros, Sergei A. Starostin. Lexicostatistics Compared with Shared Innovations: the Polynesian Case. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 3. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2008, pp. 13-44. ENGLISH

Khoisan Macrofamily

George S. Starostin. A Lexicostatistical Approach Towards Reconstructing Proto-Khoisan. // Originally in: Mother Tongue, v. VIII. 2003, pp. 81-126. ENGLISH
George S. Starostin.
Some Aspects of the Historical Development of Clicks in Khoisan Languages. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 1. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2005, pp. 281-299. RUSSIAN
George S. Starostin.
Labial Clicks in Khoisan Languages. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 2. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2007, pp. 353-374. RUSSIAN
George S. Starostin.
From Modern Khoisan Languages to Proto-Khoisan: The Value of Intermediate Reconstructions. // Originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 3. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2008, pp. 337-470. ENGLISH

Amerind Macrofamily

Joseph H. Greenberg, Merritt M. Ruhlen. An Amerind Etymological Dictionary. // Manuscript, 2007.

Various Isolates

George S. Starostin. On the Genetic Affiliation of the Elamite Language. // Originally in: Mother Tongue, v. VII. 2002, pp. 147-170. ENGLISH
Sergei A. Iatsemirsky.
Etruscan numerals: problems and results of research. // Russian version originally in: Aspects of Comparative Linguistics, v. 2. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2007, pp. 187-196. ENGLISH