Bender & Malik 1980: 95. Nominal and adjectival use; meaning glossed as 'all, entire, everything, whole; each'. Quoted as kāɛ̄ in [Stirtz 2012: 154]. Cf. kayà ~ keyà (Marno) 'all' in [Verri 1955: 306].
Number:2
Word:ashes
Aka:tɔdɔ1
Bender 1997: 204.
Molo:tɔdɔ1
Bender 1997: 204.
Kelo:tɔːdɔ1
Bender 1997: 204.
Beni Sheko:tɔːdo1
Bender 1997: 204.
Gaam:duː-g1
Bender & Malik 1980: 68. Plurale tantum. Quoted as d̪ùː-gg in [Stirtz 2012: 110]. Cf. dudu-g 'ashes' (Marno) in [Verri 1955: 303] (an earlier variant with unelided intervocalic -d-, important for external comparison).
Number:3
Word:bark
Aka:pɔːri1
Bender 1997: 204. Bender also lists the equivalent bǝːba, but the notes section states that it is actually a verb with the meaning 'to peːl'.
Molo:gǝga2
Bender 1997: 204.
Kelo:sǝba3
Bender 1997: 204.
Beni Sheko:kǝfɔllo4
Bender 1997: 204.
Gaam:ǝ̈́ːr5
Bender & Malik 1980: 43. Quoted as ǝ́ːr in [Stirtz 2012: 43]. Additional synonym (a more generic term): bǝ̀gā, pl. bǝ̀gā-g, with polysemy: 'bark of tree / chip of wood / eggshell / husk / paper / peel / rind / shell' [Bender & Malik 1980: 48]. Cf. also the derived verb bǝ́g-s- 'to peel (off)' [ibid.]. According to the authors, the root here is báː-, but it is unclear how they determine this.
Number:4
Word:belly
Aka:ɛlle1
Bender 1997: 204. Plural: ɛllɛ-ti. Quoted as eli in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 9].
Molo:ılli1
Bender 1997: 204. Quoted as eli in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 9].
Kelo:ɛle1
Bender 1997: 204. Quoted as ɲeli in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 9] (with an unclear initial ɲ-).
Beni Sheko:ɛlle1
Bender 1997: 204.
Gaam:ɛl-g1
Bender & Malik 1980: 72. Plural: ìːl-g. Polysemy: 'belly / stomach / bottom'. Quoted as ɛ́ːl-g 'stomach' in [Stirtz 2012: 37] (but cf. also gǝ̀ūr-d̪ 'stomach' [ibid.]). Cf. ol-k 'belly' (Seligman) in [Verri 1955: 308].
Number:5
Word:big
Aka:maːri1
Bender 1997: 204. Polysemy: 'big / many'. Also kɔːʓɛga id.
Molo:muwari1
Bender 1997: 204.
Kelo:amadenǝ2
Bender 1997: 204.
Beni Sheko:yaːmǝdɛlĭ2
Bender 1997: 204.
Gaam:mǝd-ǝn2
Bender & Malik 1980: 111. Meaning glossed as 'big, great, huge, large, spacious, stout'. Derived form: mǝd-ǝn-dǝg 'enormous'. Quoted as mādā, pl. mā-ŋg in [Stirtz 2012: 157]. An additional synonym, also found in [Stirtz 2012: 157], is dɔ́mɔ̄l, pl. dɔ́mɔ̄l-g 'big'. Cf. maːt-én, pl. má-ŋga (Seligman) 'big' in [Verri 1955: 307]; cf. also the strange form fanseːr (Marno) 'big' in [Verri 1955: 304].
Number:6
Word:bird
Aka:mɛʓˈe1
Bender 1997: 204. Plural: mɛʓɛ-ŋai. Quoted as meʓe in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 9]; cf. also migi 'hen' [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 11].
Molo:mıʓe1
Bender 1997: 204. Quoted as meʓe in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 9]; cf. also megi 'hen' [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 11].
Kelo:mɛʓe-1
Bender 1997: 204. The form by itself means 'fowl'; the more generic meaning 'bird' is expressed by the idiomatic formation mɛʓe-na-aiyǝ, literally 'fowl of wilds' [Bender 1997: 214]. Quoted as meʓe 'bird; hen' in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 9, 11].
Beni Sheko:mıʓɛ ~ mıʄe1
Bender 1997: 204. Also mıʓi-ŋıne id.
Gaam:mīː1
Bender & Malik 1980: 117. Plural: mīː-g. Polysemy: 'bird / chicken / hen'. Quoted as mīí 'chicken' in [Stirtz 2012: 46]. Cf. miː, pl. miː-ĭk (Seligman), miq-in (Marno) 'bird' in [Verri 1955: 307]; cf. also migi-m (Marno), migí-n (De Pruyssenaere) 'chicken' [ibid.].
Number:7
Word:bite
Aka:gʋrri1
Bender 1997: 204.
Molo:siːb-ɔna2
Bender 1997: 204.
Kelo:siːɓ-ǝze2
Bender 1997: 204.
Beni Sheko:siːb-i2
Bender 1997: 204.
Gaam:in-3
Bender & Malik 1980: 87. Polysemy: 'to bite / to sting'. Past stem: iɬ-. Cf. idì ganì 'to bite' (Marno) in [Verri 1955: 305] (unclear structure of the expression).
Number:8
Word:black
Aka:ɔrɔːga1
Bender 1997: 204.
Molo:ɔrɔwa ~ ɔrwa1
Bender 1997: 204.
Kelo:ɔrrɔ ~ ɔyyɔwa1
Bender 1997: 204.
Beni Sheko:eːrɔ ~ ɔrɔwa1
Bender 1997: 204.
Gaam:dùì2
Bender & Malik 1980: 68. Also dùì-n with the definite suffix -n. Quoted as d̪ùì, def. form d̪ùī-n in [Stirtz 2012: 162]. Cf. ena podé 'black' (De Pruyssenaere) in [Verri 1955: 304] (probably a mistake, since podé actually = 'white' q.v., whereas the form ena is just a copula, but not a negative one).
Number:9
Word:blood
Aka:gʸefa ~ ʓeːfa1
Bender 1997: 204. Quoted as gyefa in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 9].
Molo:gʸeːwa1
Bender 1997: 204. Quoted as giewa in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 9].
Kelo:gʸeːba1
Bender 1997: 204. Quoted as kefe in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 9].
Beni Sheko:gʸeːfa1
Bender 1997: 204.
Gaam:afa-d1
Bender & Malik 1980: 38. Plural: afǝɬ-g. Quoted as áfá-d̪ in [Stirtz 2012: 23]. Cf. afà-k 'blood' (Marno) in [Verri 1955: 301] (probably the plural form with elided -ɬ-).
Number:10
Word:bone
Aka:gamoː-ka1
Bender 1997: 205. Plural: gamoː-ɲi.
Molo:gǝm-ka1
Bender 1997: 205.
Kelo:ǝmma1
Bender 1997: 205. Also ora- id. (not clear if the stem is used autonomously or, as the hyphen would indicate, only as part of compound formations).
Beni Sheko:gaːmuː-ŋga1
Bender 1997: 205.
Gaam:ám1
Bender & Malik 1980: 41. Plural: ám-g. The plural form also means 'skeleton'. Quoted as áːm in [Stirtz 2012: 30]. Cf. aːm 'bone' (Marno) in [Verri 1955: 301].
Number:11
Word:breast
Aka:
Not properly attested in our main source, but cf. kŭga 'chest' in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 10]. Cf. also sg. iːwi-ɕɛ, pl. iwiː-di 'breast (female)' [Bender 1997: 205].
Molo:
Not properly attested in our main source, but cf. kwa 'chest' in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 10]. Cf. iːsɔ 'breast (female)' [Bender 1997: 205].
Kelo:
Not properly attested in our main source, but cf. an=kwa 'chest' in [Evans-Pritchard 1932: 10]. Cf. ǝwiː-di ~ ıwiː-di 'breast (female)' [Bender 1997: 205].
Beni Sheko:
Not properly attested. Cf. aːbbi 'breast (female)' [Bender 1997: 205].
Gaam:kúnd-úg1
Bender & Malik 1980: 104. Plural form of kúnd 'heart' q.v., glossed as 'breasts / chest'. Quoted as kúnd̪ 'chest' in [Stirtz 2012: 83]. Distinct from wīːd, pl. wīɬ-g 'breast, nipple, teat, udder' [Bender & Malik 1980: 160], quoted as wīː-d̪ in [Stirtz 2012: 22].
Number:12
Word:burn tr.
Aka:kˈeːgɛso1
Bender 1997: 205.
Molo:
Not attested.
Kelo:ɔ=ɲɛm2
Bender 1997: 205. Possibly a prefixed derivate from ɲǝm 'eat' q.v.
Beni Sheko:aːrrebe3
Bender 1997: 205.
Gaam:bɛ̄r-4
Bender & Malik 1980: 55. Several other synonyms in the same source: (a) harˈiːg- 'to burn', borrowed from Arabic [Bender & Malik 1980: 85]; (b) nǝ́m- 'to burn (fire, pepper)', most likely a secondary meaning of nǝ́m- 'to eat' q.v., glossed as a transitive verb [Bender & Malik 1980: 122]; (c) túī- 'to burn' [Bender & Malik 1980: 152]; since the noun tùì 'ruins' is probably derived from this verb, the more exact meaning may be 'to burn down' (completely, to the ground, etc.). Cf. also bà 'to burn' (Marno) in [Verri 1955: 302].
Number:13
Word:claw(nail)
Aka:misɛ1
Bender 1997: 205. Plural: mise-i. Meaning glossed as 'claw'.
Bender & Malik 1980: 100. Same word as 'rain' q.v.
Number:15
Word:cold
Aka:eːʓi1
Bender 1997: 205.
Molo:woː2
Bender 1997: 205. Also ɔssɔmɔːri id.
Kelo:ɜʓi1
Bender 1997: 205.
Beni Sheko:eːʓi1
Bender 1997: 205.
Gaam:ǝil-3
Bender & Malik 1980: 39. Polysemy: 'chilly, cold, cool / calm / blunt, dull'. Quoted as ǝ́íl-d̪ 'cold' in [Stirtz 2012: 37]. Cf. eil-to-nomà 'cold' (Marno) in [Verri 1955: 304]; the obviously related simpler form ail-tu (Marno), however, is listed in the same source with the nominal meaning 'wind' [Verri 1955: 301].
Number:16
Word:come
Aka:laːko1
Bender 1997: 205.
Molo:laːko1
Bender 1997: 205.
Kelo:laːŋ1
Bender 1997: 205.
Beni Sheko:laːgo1
Bender 1997: 205.
Gaam:lēː-1
Bender & Malik 1980: 107. Meaning glossed as 'arrive, come, walk'. Verbal noun: leː-g. Quoted as lɛ́ɛ̄ 'to come, arrive' in [Stirtz 2012: 45]. Cf. le- ~ li- 'to come' (Seligman, Robertson) in [Verri 1955: 306].
Number:16
Word:come
Aka:
Molo:
Kelo:ɔya2
Bender 1997: 205. No information on possible semantic or syntactic difference from laːŋ.
Beni Sheko:
Gaam:
Number:17
Word:die
Aka:tʋgʋru1
Bender 1997: 205.
Molo:tʋrwo1
Bender 1997: 205.
Kelo:tʋːri ~ tui1
Bender 1997: 205.
Beni Sheko:duːrri1
Bender 1997: 205.
Gaam:tı́r-1
Bender & Malik 1980: 151. Polysemy: 'to be sick / to be dead, die, perish'. Quoted as t̪īr in [Stirtz 2012: 207].
Number:18
Word:dog
Aka:kɛle1
Bender 1997: 205. Plural: kɛle-i.
Molo:kɔlo1
Bender 1997: 205.
Kelo:kɜlı1
Bender 1997: 205.
Beni Sheko:kɛlı1
Bender 1997: 205.
Gaam:áːɬ2
Bender & Malik 1980: 40. Plural: áːɬ-g. Quoted as áðá in [Stirtz 2012: 31]. Cf. ăd (Seligman), ado (De Pruyssenaere), adò (Marno), pl. al-k (Seligman), ath-ga (Robertson) 'dog' in [Verri 1955: 301].
Number:19
Word:drink
Aka:mɛːtu1
Bender 1997: 205.
Molo:moːtu1
Bender 1997: 205.
Kelo:mǝɗ-ea1
Bender 1997: 205.
Beni Sheko:mıdi1
Bender 1997: 205.
Gaam:mǝ́ɬ-1
Bender & Malik 1980: 112. Polysemy: 'to drink / to lick / to sip / to smoke / to evaporate'. The root is identified as mag- in [Stirtz 2012: 193] (cf. imper. sg. māː, imper. pl. mǝ́-d̪ǝ̄, etc.). Cf. madà (Marno) 'to drink' [Verri 1955: 307].
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