Oswalt 1964: 424-425; O'Connor 1987: 11, 37, 60, 65, 74, 110. Example sentences such as 'All those five large rocks rolled downward' [O'Connor 1987: 11] show that the word can function as 'all = omnis'.
Eastern Pomo:kuːmˈu5
McLendon 1996: 514.
Southeastern Pomo:ʔˈuχqat̪6
Oswalt 1964: 424-425. Glossed as 'all / every' in [Moshinsky 1970: 161].
Oswalt 1964: 424-425; McLendon 1973: 68. Polysemy: 'big / many'. Oswalt cites 'big' as bˈatʰˈe, and 'many' as bˈahtʰe, but this is probably a misprint.
Central Pomo:baːtʰˈe1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425.
Northern Pomo:matˈo #2
Oswalt 1964: 424-425. An alternative candidate is tʰiy 'big' [O'Connor 1987: 246]. Cf. the following sentences: "She is bigger (mato) than her horse is", "Her feet are bigger (tʰiy) than her horse's feet" [ibid.]. According to O'Connor, "[t]he difference in the adjectives glossed "big" results in the shape and dimensions of the objects being compared" [ibid.].
Eastern Pomo:baːtʰˈin1
McLendon 1996: 542. Plural stem: tʰˈiya.
Southeastern Pomo:bitˈenikʼ1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425. Cited as btˈenikʼ 'big (singular)' in [Moshinsky 1970: 161], cf. tˈinay 'big (plural)' [ibid.].
McLendon 1996: 542. Contains the instrumental prefix qaː= 'with the jaws and teeth' [McLendon 1996: 519].
Southeastern Pomo:q=ne-1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425. Cited as q=ne-t̪ 'to bite' in [Moshinsky 1970: 92] (contains instrumental prefix q= 'with a biting, scratching, tearing, mashing action').
Northeastern Pomo:
Not attested.
Number:8
Word:black
Kashaya:kʼili1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425.
Southern Pomo:šakʼːa2
Oswalt 1964: 424-425.
Central Pomo:kʼli1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425.
Northern Pomo:kʰacʼˈe3
Oswalt 1964: 424-425; O'Connor 1987: 163, 245.
Eastern Pomo:muːšˈaqʼ2
McLendon 1996: 542.
Southeastern Pomo:luqʼˈo=lqʼo-4
Oswalt 1964: 424-425. Cited as lqˈo=lqˌo-k-i-t̪ 'it's black' in [Moshinsky 1970: 123].
Northeastern Pomo:čʼihkˈil-5
Oswalt 1964: 424-425.
Number:9
Word:blood
Kashaya:balay1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425; Oswalt 1961: 38.
Southern Pomo:bˈaːlay1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425.
Central Pomo:baːlˈay1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425.
Northern Pomo:balˈa-y1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425; O'Connor 1987: 24. For morphological segmentation, cf. related adjective bala-m 'bloodshot, bruised'. According to [O'Connor 1987: 24], suffixes -y and -m in these words are historically identical with verbal aspectual suffixes -y 'perfective' and -m 'durative / essive'.
Not attested. Cf. šiʔdo 'breasts' [Oswalt 1964: 424-425].
Southern Pomo:
Not attested. Cf. šˈiʔdo 'breasts' [Oswalt 1964: 424-425].
Central Pomo:
Not attested. Cf. šdo 'breasts' [Oswalt 1964: 424-425].
Northern Pomo:yeʔˈeː1
McLendon 1973: 70. Glossed as 'chest'. Distinct from t̪ʼo 'breasts' [Oswalt 1964: 424-425].
Eastern Pomo:yeːʔˈel1
McLendon 1996: 543. Glossed as 'chest'. Distinct from siːdˈoː 'breast / breast milk' [McLendon 1996: 542]. Cf. also kuːnˈu 'upper chest' [McLendon 1996: 543].
Southeastern Pomo:wʔel1
McLendon 1973: 70. Glossed as 'chest'. Distinct from xudˈon 'breasts' [Oswalt 1964: 424-425].
Northeastern Pomo:yˈeʔeː ~ t̪ʰˈeʔeː1
McLendon 1973: 70. Glossed as 'chest'. Distinct from t̪ʼˈo 'breasts' [Oswalt 1964: 424-425].
Number:12
Word:burn tr.
Kashaya:mu=hkʰuy-ʔ1
Oswalt 1961: 170. Glossed as 'to burn up one'. Contains instrumental prefix mu= 'with heat' [Oswalt 1961: 143-144]. Mač- (morphophonemic shape {□mac-}) 'burn', cited by [Oswalt 1964: 424-425] is apparently an intransitive verb.
Southern Pomo:
Not attested properly. It is not clear whether mˈaːli 'burn', cited in [Oswalt 1964: 424-425], is a transitive or intransitive verb.
Central Pomo:
Not attested properly. It is not clear whether mley 'burn', cited in [Oswalt 1964: 424-425], is a transitive or intransitive verb.
Northern Pomo:
Not attested properly. It is not clear whether malima- 'burn', cited in [Oswalt 1964: 424-425], is a transitive or intransitive verb.
Eastern Pomo:šaː=tʼˈoː2
McLendon 1996: 542. Glossed as 'to burn (animate subject)'. Plural stem: šaː=lˈo-t̪ʼ-maː. The verb pʰaː=bˈe-kʰ, adduced in the glossary under 'to burn' [McLendon 1996: 542], means 'get burned' [McLendon 1996: 534] and is therefore ineligible.
Southeastern Pomo:
Not attested properly. Suʔ 'burn', cited in [Oswalt 1964: 424-425], is apparently an intransitive verb, cf. the following example: sˈuqʼ-mlaʔma-ya 'it almost burnt' [Moshinsky 1970: 143] (-mlaʔm- 'almost', -ya 'perfective').
Northeastern Pomo:
Not attested properly. It is not clear whether kˈiʔt̪i-n 'burn', cited in [Oswalt 1964: 424-425], is a transitive or intransitive verb.
Number:13
Word:claw(nail)
Kashaya:heːčʼ1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425. Glossed as 'finger (or toe) nail' in [Oswalt 1961: 38] and as 'claw' in [Oswalt 1964: 424-425]. Morphophonemic shape {□he°cʼ}.
McLendon 1996: 528, 531, 539. This verb, absent in the glossary, is attested in several examples in the grammar sketch: "When did you come?" [McLendon 1996: 528], "When are you going to come?" [ibid.], "May you come; I hope you will come" [McLendon 1996: 531], "I got sick, that's why I didn't come" [McLendon 1996: 539]. The verb contains the directional preverb qˈoːy= 'something previously unseen to appear' [McLendon 1996: 535].
Southeastern Pomo:χol=o-1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425. Cited as χˈol=o-t̪ 'he came' in [Moshinsky 1970: 80]. Contains directional prefix χol= 'hither, towards speaker' [Moshinsky 1970: 80] and root wa- ~ -a- ~ -o- 'motion along a surface; walk, go' (singular) [Moshinsky 1970: 104-105].
Northeastern Pomo:kˈoː-n3
Oswalt 1964: 424-425.
Number:17
Word:die
Kashaya:hčʰo-yiːčʼ-1
Oswalt 1964: 424-425; Oswalt 1961: 262. Morphophonemic shape {□hcʰo-yi°cʼ-}. Apparently consists of the root {□hcʰo-} 'to be absent, not to be' [Oswalt 1961: 334, 338] and the reflexive suffix {-yi°cʼ-} [Oswalt 1961: 196].
Build tree