Callaghan 1970: 53. Polysemy: 'all / all of it / all of them'. Word class: intransitive verb and particle. Secondary synonym: hˈanːa 'alone / just, only / all / by oneself' (intransitive verb and noun; cf. the following example for the meaning 'all': "That's all I know") [Callaghan 1970: 17].
Lake Miwok:mˈuʔe1
Callaghan 1965: 98. Polysemy: 'every / all / everybody'. Word class: intransitive verb and noun. Distinct from ʔawˈeːcu 'just / only / nothing but / to the extent that / all' (particle) [Callaghan 1965: 174]. Judging from the following examples, the meaning 'all (omnis)' is expressed by mˈuʔe, while 'all (totus)' is ʔawˈeːcu: ʔawˈeːcu t̪ʼˈupʂeti ʂˈawːute 'All she had was one short piece' [Callaghan 1965: 174], maʔˈuːnuc mˈuʔec kost̪ˈaːlat̪ ʂˈikːan 'Put all those apples in the sack' [Callaghan 1965: 123].
Plains Miwok:sɨkːe- #2
Callaghan 1984: 140. Polysemy: 'all / the whole / everything / every'. Word class: noun. Alternative candidate: heni-k 'all' - plural form of heni- 'much, a lot / many, lots of / enough / too much' [Callaghan 1984: 36-37]. Both words can be used in diagnostic contexts for 'all = omnis'. Cf. the following examples: kanːiʔ ciːsɨm heniːkoc miwkoc "I see all the Indians" [Callaghan 1984: 37], sɨkːek melːak "They're all the same size" [Callaghan 1984: 93], taykop sɨkːek "They're all running" [Callaghan 1984: 140].
Northern Sierra Miwok:sokːe-t̪ːi- #2
Callaghan 1987: 200. Polysemy: 'all / everything / the whole / every'. A second possible candidate is ʔoksa-pa- ~ ʔokse-pa- 'all (of something) / all (of a group)' [Callaghan 1987: 280].
Central Sierra Miwok:šˈokːe-t̪ːi-2
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 16. Word class: noun. A West Central dialect form, although not marked as such in the dictionary. Corresponding East Central form is ʔayt̪u- 'all' [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 21]. Both šˈokːe-t̪ːi- and ʔayt̪u- can function as 'all = omnis' and 'all = totus'. The dictionary also lists the following stems: hˈokːe-t̪ːi- 'all' [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 4], sˈukːe- 'all' [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 15], šˈokːe- 'all' [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 16]. While West Central šˈokːe-t̪ːi- and East Central ʔayt̪u- are confirmed by numerous textual attestations in [Freeland & Broadbent 1960] and [Berman 1982], none of the other forms for 'all' is attested in the published texts.
Southern Sierra Miwok:ʔayt̪uː-3
Broadbent 1964: 286. Word class: noun. Secondary synonym: t̪oːkoː- (noun) 'all / much / many' [Broadbent 1964: 275]. Numerous textual attestations in [Broadbent 1964] leave no doubt that ʔayt̪uː- is the main word for both 'all = omnis' and 'all = totus'.
Number:2
Word:ashes
Bodega Miwok:yˈemi1
Callaghan 1970: 30. Word class: noun.
Lake Miwok:wˈiːlok2
Callaghan 1965: 160. Polysemy: 'ashes / white ashes from an ordinary fire / dust'. Word class: noun. Cf. pˈoːt̪el 'white ashes from a forest fire / cotton from willow tassels?' [Callaghan 1965: 110].
Plains Miwok:sikːe- #3
Callaghan 1984: 133. Polysemy: 'dust / dirt / ashes'. Word class: noun. Callaghan gives the meaning 'ashes' with a question mark.
Northern Sierra Miwok:sikːe- #3
Callaghan 1987: 197. Polysemy: 'ashes / dust'. A second candidate is yoli- 'dusty / dust / ashes / powder' [Callaghan 1987: 95].
Central Sierra Miwok:
The word for 'cold ashes' is not attested in [Freeland & Broadbent 1960] and [Berman 1982]. Cf. yˈɨmːi- 'ashes (hot)' [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 6].
Southern Sierra Miwok:sikːe-3
Broadbent 1964: 269. Word class: noun. Cf. also sikeːsi-la- 'ashes' [ibid.] from the same root.
Number:3
Word:bark
Bodega Miwok:ʂˈapːa1
Callaghan 1970: 65. Polysemy: 'covering / thin bark, such as willow bark / grass leaf (adhering to stalk)'. Word class: noun. Bodega Miwok does not have a generic word for bark. Instead, two words are used: ʂˈapːa for thin bark and ʂˈimːe for thick bark. We list both words as quasi-synonyms.
Lake Miwok:ʂˈimːe2
Callaghan 1965: 125. Word class: noun. The dictionary gives two variants: ʂˈimːe and ʂˈimːi, with the remark that the former "is considered correct".
Plains Miwok:semːila-2
Callaghan 1984: 132. Word class: noun.
Northern Sierra Miwok:semːila-2
Callaghan 1987: 196.
Central Sierra Miwok:sˈemːila-2
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 15. Glossed as 'bark (of tree)'. Word class: noun.
Southern Sierra Miwok:semːi-la-2
Broadbent 1964: 268. Word class: noun.
Number:3
Word:bark
Bodega Miwok:ʂˈimːe2
Callaghan 1970: 67. Glossed as 'thick bark (such as oak bark)'. Word class: noun.
Lake Miwok:
Plains Miwok:
Northern Sierra Miwok:
Central Sierra Miwok:
Southern Sierra Miwok:
Number:4
Word:belly
Bodega Miwok:pˈuluk1
Callaghan 1970: 62. Polysemy: 'belly / stomach'. Word class: noun.
Lake Miwok:pˈuluk1
Callaghan 1965: 112. Polysemy: 'belly / intestines'. Word class: noun.
Plains Miwok:hena-2
Callaghan 1984: 36. Word class: noun.
Northern Sierra Miwok:lot̪o-3
Callaghan 1987: 136. Polysemy: 'belly / stomach'.
Central Sierra Miwok:lot̪ˈo-3
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 9. Word class: noun.
Southern Sierra Miwok:ʔočeː-4
Broadbent 1964: 291. Word class: noun.
Number:5
Word:big
Bodega Miwok:ʔomˈoː-tak1
Callaghan 1970: 95. Polysemy: 'to be large / to be important' (glossed as 'to be big' in the English - Bodega Miwok section [Callaghan 1970: 106]). Word class: intensive intransitive verb. Morphological analysis: verbal root ʔˈomo- [Callaghan 1970: 95], verbal suffix -tak 'intensifier' [Callaghan 1970: 77].
Lake Miwok:ʔˈade2
Callaghan 1965: 169. Glossed as 'to be big, large'. Word class: intransitive verb. Secondary synonym: ʔˈudi 'to be head of something / to be foremost / to be great, outstanding / to be huge' (intransitive verb) [Callaghan 1965: 190].
Plains Miwok:teme-3
Callaghan 1984: 149. Polysemy: 'big / wide / high, elevated (metaphorical)'. Word class: adjective. The form teme- is attested in both Jackson Valley and Lockford dialects, but the Jackson Valley dialect additionally has a rare variant temːe-.
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 24. Polysemy: 'big / a big one'. Word class: noun. Derived from ʔˈɨtːɨ- 'much / many' [ibid.] with the augmentative suffix -tːi- [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 19]. Secondary synonym: ʔˈɨtːɨ-kɨt̪a- 'big' [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 24], derived from the same root.
Southern Sierra Miwok:ʔoya-ːni-5
Broadbent 1964: 291. Word class: noun. Contains the augmentative suffix -ːni- [Broadbent 1964: 121]. Secondary synonym: ʔonaːčɨ- 'big' (cf. the verb ʔonaːč- 'to be very...; to ... hard') [Broadbent 1964: 293]. Textual attestations in [Broadbent 1964] show that ʔoya-ːni- is the basic word for 'big'.
Number:6
Word:bird
Bodega Miwok:mˈeyːe1
Callaghan 1970: 49. Word class: noun.
Lake Miwok:mˈele ~ mˈile1
Callaghan 1965: 92. Word class: noun.
Plains Miwok:cicipːu- ~ cicicpu-2
Callaghan 1984: 21. Polysemy: 'bird / small birds'. Word class: noun. Secondary synonym: toloːci- 'bird (generic) / migratory geese?' "AM frequently used this word. MW claims it is only Northern Sierra Miwok. CHM gives 'junco, Junco'" [Callaghan 1984: 158].
Northern Sierra Miwok:mičeːma-ti-3
Callaghan 1987: 150. The word is derived from mičeːma- 'wild meat'. On p. 146 Callaghan suggests that mičeːma-ti- contains the 'animal suffix' -mati- (does this imply a case of haplology?) This word, as well as mičeːma- 'wild meat' itself, is peculiar to Fiddletown dialect. Other dialects (Camanche and Ione) use another word for 'bird': t̪oloːči- [Callaghan 1987: 218].
Central Sierra Miwok:čˈička- #2
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 1. Word class: noun. Alternative candidate: šˈɨːlet̪ɨ- 'bird' (derived from šɨlˈeːt̪- 'to fly', q.v.) [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 16]. There is no way to decide which of these words is the basic term for 'bird' in Central Sierra Miwok.
Southern Sierra Miwok:čička-2
Broadbent 1964: 222. Word class: noun.
Number:7
Word:bite
Bodega Miwok:kawːˈu-na #1
Callaghan 1970: 35. Glossed as 'to bite once'. Word class: transitive verb. Morphological analysis: verbal root kˈawːu- 'to bite' [ibid.], verbal suffix -na 'transitive' [Callaghan 1970: 53]. Alternative candidate: kˈuʂka-ti 'to bite / to bite off' (perfective transitive verb), derived from kˈuʂːa 'to bite off / to keep biting' (transitive verb) [Callaghan 1970: 42].
Lake Miwok:mˈata2
Callaghan 1965: 91. Polysemy: 'to bite / to bite (said of one fish) / to take a bite / to sting (said of an insect)'. Word class: semelfactive transitive verb.
Plains Miwok:ʔǝːsǝ-3
Callaghan 1984: 198-199. Polysemy: 'to bite / to bite off / to bite at'. Word class: transitive verb.
Northern Sierra Miwok:yɨlːɨ-4
Callaghan 1987: 99. Glossed as 'to bite (dog, spider, mosquito)'. Different from mačːa- 'to bite on something (like cloth), get a hold of something with teeth' (peculiar to Fiddletown dialect) [Callaghan 1987: 143].
Central Sierra Miwok:yˈɨlːɨ- #4
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 6. Word class: verb. Alternative candidate: kasˈɨːt- 'to bite (snake or dog)' [ibid.]. Cf. also yˈɨlːa- 'to bite with poison (snake)' [ibid.]. It is hard to make out the exact semantic difference between yˈɨlːɨ- and kasˈɨːt- from the available occurences of these verbs in Central Sierra Miwok texts. Cf. the following examples: 'As she [Bear] nibbled she bit (yˈɨlːet̪) her [Deer] in the neck' (East Central dialect) [Berman 1982, text VIII, 13]; 'The dragons are growling, and the woman scolds them when they try to bite (kasˈɨːtɨːt̪aːnaːš)' [Berman 1982, text I, 8]; 'That is Serpent. He bites (kˈasːɨtˌiʔ).' [Berman 1982, text III, 10]; '...there were dreadful Things that snapped (kasˈɨtːanɨk) at him. They were the kind that eat people.' [Berman 1982, text III, 37]. We tentatively choose yˈɨlːɨ- mainly because of external correspondences in other Sierra Miwok languages.
Southern Sierra Miwok:yɨlː-4
Broadbent 1964: 241. Word class: verb. Secondary synonym: yɨt̪m- 'to bite', listed only in the English - Southern Sierra Miwok section of the dictionary [Broadbent 1964: 303].
Number:8
Word:black
Bodega Miwok:lok-ˈoːt̪a1
Callaghan 1970: 45. Glossed as 'to be black'. Word class: intransitive verb. Morphological analysis: verbal root lˈok- [ibid.], -Vːt̪a 'adjective suffix found on several color words' [Callaghan 1970: 102].
Lake Miwok:mulˈuː-mulu2
Callaghan 1965: 97. Glossed as 'to be black'. Word class: intransitive verb. Reduplication of the verbal root mˈulu-.
Plains Miwok:kul-uʔlu-3
Callaghan 1984: 77. Word class: adjective. Contains the adjectival suffix -VʔC2V- 'adjective formative, primarily in color terms' [Callaghan 1984: 226]. Cf. kuːla- (Jackson Valley, Lockford), kulːa- (Jackson Valley) 'charcoal / coals' [Callaghan 1984: 79].
Northern Sierra Miwok:kul-ulːi-3
Callaghan 1987: 120. Polysemy: 'black / dark / black or dark brown (eye)'. Contains the adjectival suffix -VCːi- 'color formative' [Callaghan 1987: 302]. Cf. kulːa- 'coals, charcoal'.
Central Sierra Miwok:kul-ˈulːi-3
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 8. Polysemy: 'black / a black one'. Word class: noun. Cf. kˈulːa- 'the coals' [ibid.].
Southern Sierra Miwok:t̪uːhi- #4
Broadbent 1964: 276. Word class: noun. Alternative candidates: t̪uh-uhːi- 'black', from the same root [ibid.]; kul-ulːi- 'black' (derived from kulːa- 'charcoal') [Broadbent 1964: 248]. Textual attestations: t̪uːhi- (black horse) [Broadbent 1964, text 13, (8)], t̪uh-uhːi- (black maidenhair fern roots, used for basketry) [Broadbent 1964, text 1, (72-74)]. kul-ulːi- is not attested in the published texts.
Number:9
Word:blood
Bodega Miwok:kˈičːaw1
Callaghan 1970: 37. Word class: noun. Also functions as the intransitive verb 'to bleed'.
Lake Miwok:kˈicːaw1
Callaghan 1965: 61. Word class: noun. Also functions as the intransitive verb 'to menstruate'. Related to the intransitive verb kˈicaw 'to bleed'.
Plains Miwok:kicːǝw1
Callaghan 1984: 70. Word class: noun. Related to kicaːw-ɨ- 'to bleed' [ibid.].
Northern Sierra Miwok:kičːaw-ɨ-1
Callaghan 1987: 112.
Central Sierra Miwok:kˈičːawɨ-1
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 7. Word class: noun. Related to kičˈaːw- 'to bleed' [ibid.].
Southern Sierra Miwok:kičːaw-1
Broadbent 1964: 245. Word class: noun. Related to kičaːw- 'to bleed' [ibid.].
Number:10
Word:bone
Bodega Miwok:mˈučːi1
Callaghan 1970: 52. Word class: noun.
Lake Miwok:kˈulum2
Callaghan 1965: 69. Polysemy: 'bone / cemetery'. Word class: noun.
Plains Miwok:kǝcǝcːǝ-3
Callaghan 1984: 68. Word class: noun. The form kǝcǝcːǝ- is common to both Jackson Valley and Lockford dialects. Variants: kǝcǝc (Jackson Valley), kǝcːǝc (Lockford).
Northern Sierra Miwok:kɨčːɨč-ɨ-3
Callaghan 1987: 123. Polysemy: 'bone / skeleton'.
Central Sierra Miwok:kˈɨčːɨčɨ-3
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 8. Word class: noun.
Southern Sierra Miwok:kɨčːɨč-3
Broadbent 1964: 248. Word class: noun.
Number:11
Word:breast
Bodega Miwok:t̪ˈena1
Callaghan 1970: 71. According to [Callaghan 1970], possibly borrowed from Lake Miwok t̪ˈena 'chest', but in [Callaghan 2014: 401] Bodega and Lake Miwok words are treated as cognates.
Lake Miwok:t̪ˈena #1
Callaghan 1965: 135. Glossed as 'chest'. Word class: noun. Alternative candidate: t̪ʼˈeːle 'breast' (borrowed from River Patwin tʼˈeːli 'chest, breast of bird') [Callaghan 1965: 147]. Distinct from mˈuː 'milk / breast / teat' [Callaghan 1965: 97].
Plains Miwok:huyːu-2
Callaghan 1984: 49. Glossed as 'chest'. The additional meaning 'breasts' is given with a question mark. Word class: noun. Distinct from muː- (Jackson Valley), muːsu- (Jackson Valley, Lockford) 'breast / nipples' [Callaghan 1984: 99]. Cf. also nucu- 'chest' (Jackson Valley, "MW says no such word") [Callaghan 1984: 111].
Northern Sierra Miwok:nuču- #3
Callaghan 1987: 170. Glossed as 'chest'. Alternative candidate: ʔuŋːay-ɨ- 'chest' [Callaghan 1987: 290]. Distinct from muːsu- 'breast / tits / mother's milk' [Callaghan 1987: 158].
Central Sierra Miwok:nɨsˈɨːlɨ-4
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 13. Glossed as 'chest'. Word class: noun. Distinct from mˈuːsu- 'breast' [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 11] (cf. muːs- 'to suck' [ibid.]).
Southern Sierra Miwok:nɨsɨ-ːli-4
Broadbent 1964: 261. Glossed as 'chest (body-part)'. Word class: noun. Distinct from muːsu- 'breast / udder' (related to muːs- 'to suck at breast') [Broadbent 1964: 258].
Number:11
Word:breast
Bodega Miwok:mˈuː5
Callaghan 1970: 53. Glossed as 'breast (woman or man)'. Word class: noun. We list t̪ˈena and mˈuː as technical synonyms, since the meaning of the latter is given as generic, not restricted to 'woman's breast' as in the other Miwokan languages.
Lake Miwok:
Plains Miwok:
Northern Sierra Miwok:
Central Sierra Miwok:
Southern Sierra Miwok:
Number:12
Word:burn tr.
Bodega Miwok:pˈučːa-ti1
Callaghan 1970: 61. Polysemy: 'to burn (wood, etc.) / to put something in the fire / to build (a fire)'. Word class: perfective transitive verb. Morphological analysis: verbal root pˈučːa- 'to burn / to build (a fire)' [ibid.], verbal suffix -ti 'perfective' [Callaghan 1970: 77].
Lake Miwok:hulˈih-nuka #2
Callaghan 1965: 43. Word class: causative transitive verb. Derived from the intransitive verb hˈulih 'to burn, blaze, burn up' [ibid.]. Alternative candidate: yˈu(ː)l-en 'to start (a fire) / to burn / to burn off' (semelfactive transitive verb) [Callaghan 1965: 53]. Cf. also cˈuːp 'to set on fire' (semelfactive transitive verb; also used as an intransitive verb with the meaning 'to get badly burned (said of a person, clothes, or meat)') [Callaghan 1965: 16].
Plains Miwok:wǝːkǝ-3
Callaghan 1984: 175. Polysemy: 'to burn / to cremate'. Word class: transitive verb. Related to wɨke- 'fire' q.v. Cf. also transitive verb wǝlki- 'to burn' (Jackson Valley) [Callaghan 1984: 175].
Northern Sierra Miwok:wɨːkɨ-3
Callaghan 1987: 257. Polysemy: 'to build a fire / to burn something / to burn down'. Derived from wɨke- 'fire' q.v. Cf. also ʔampu- 'to burn' [Callaghan 1987: 263] (the only example in the dictionary is: lot̪ːesaːkɨʔ kikːɨʔ ʔampat̪ "boiling water burned me").
Central Sierra Miwok:wˈɨːk-3
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 20. Polysemy: 'to burn, trans. / to build a fire / to set on fire'. Word class: verb. Related to wɨkeː- 'fire' q.v.
Southern Sierra Miwok:huy-pu-4
Broadbent 1964: 234. Polysemy: 'to light a fire / to tend a fire / to burn, tr. / to cremate'. Word class: verb. Informants: Castro Johnson, of Mariposa; Rose Watt, of Usona; Emma Lord, of Usona. Derived from huyːu- 'fire', q.v. Secondary synonyms: wɨːk- 'to light a fire / to burn, tr.' (informant: Chris Brown, a speaker of Yosemite dialect; related to wɨke- 'fire' in the speech of the same informant) [Broadbent 1964: 285], wɨleː-na- 'to burn, tr.' (with -na- 'causative') [Broadbent 1964: 284].
Number:13
Word:claw(nail)
Bodega Miwok:pˈičːi1
Callaghan 1970: 59. Polysemy: 'fingernail / toenail? / claws'. Word class: noun. Cf. also ʔˈukːun pˈičːi 'fingernail' and kˈoːn pˈičːi 'toenail' [ibid.].
Lake Miwok:t̪ˈiː2
Callaghan 1965: 136. Polysemy: 'fingernail / claw'. Word class: noun.
The words for '(finger)nail' and 'claw' are not attested in [Freeland & Broadbent 1960] and [Berman 1982].
Southern Sierra Miwok:halaː-3
Broadbent 1964: 227. Polysemy: 'feather / finger- or toenail'. Word class: noun. The word for 'claw' is not attested in the dictionary, but one textual attestation [Broadbent 1964, text 14, (118)] confirms that halaː- can be used for 'claw' as well.
Number:14
Word:cloud
Bodega Miwok:ʔˈilaw #1
Callaghan 1970: 91. Word class: noun. The word is queried in the dictionary, indicating uncertainty on the part of the informant.
Lake Miwok:mˈolpa2
Callaghan 1965: 95. Word class: noun. Also functions as the intransitive verb 'to be cloudy'. Cf. mˈolːe 'shade / shadow / reflection in the water' [ibid.].
Plains Miwok:moːli-2
Callaghan 1984: 97. Glossed as 'cloudy / shade' on p. 97, but as 'cloud' in the English - Plains Miwok section [Callaghan 1984: 242]. The meaning 'cloud' is also confirmed by the following textual example: moːliʔ tɨsʔe "The clouds are breaking up" [Callaghan 1984: 165]. Word class: adjective and noun. Related to the transitive verb molːi- 'to shade' [Callaghan 1984: 97].
Northern Sierra Miwok:ʔoːpa-3
Callaghan 1987: 286. Polysemy: 'cloudy / cloud'.
Central Sierra Miwok:ʔˈoːpa-3
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 23. Word class: noun.
Southern Sierra Miwok:ʔoːpa-3
Broadbent 1964: 294. Word class: noun.
Number:15
Word:cold
Bodega Miwok:kˈučːi1
Callaghan 1970: 41. Polysemy: 'to be cool, cold / to be freezing' (used with objects and the weather). Word class: intransitive verb. Distinct from ʂˈil-um 'to be cold' (person or weather) [Callaghan 1970: 67].
Lake Miwok:t̪ˈip-muti2
Callaghan 1965: 137. Glossed as 'to be cold (said of an object or the weather)'. Word class: semelfactive intransitive verb. Also used as the noun 'a cold' (a loan shift from English). Distinct from t̪ˈiːʂ-wa 'to be cold (said of a person)' [ibid.].
Plains Miwok:tǝl-ːǝli-3
Callaghan 1984: 152. Glossed as 'cold / cool (water)'. Word class: adjective. The word has two variant pronunciations: tǝlːǝli- (Jackson Valley, Lockford) and telːeli- (Lockford). Contains an adjective formative -ːVC2i- [Callaghan 1984: 223].
Northern Sierra Miwok:taːlɨme- #4
Callaghan 1987: 229. Glossed as 'cool (things, weather)', but translated as 'cold' in the example taːlɨmeʔ taplaʔ "cold board". No other word with the meaning 'cold', applicable to objects, is attested in the dictionary.
Central Sierra Miwok:tˈalːɨme-4
Berman 1982: 128. Word class: noun. Berman's informant John Kelly preferred the form tˈalːɨmɨ- [ibid.]. The word for 'cold' is absent from [Freeland & Broadbent 1960].
Southern Sierra Miwok:hit̪ɨːp-5
Broadbent 1964: 232. Polysemy: 'cold / a cold thing'. Word class: noun. Derived from hit̪p- 'to be or get cold' [ibid.]. Secondary synonym: t̪ɨːnan- 'cold (?)' [Broadbent 1964: 277]. Distinct from kɨweːŋ-aː- 'cool' [Broadbent 1964: 249].
Number:16
Word:come
Bodega Miwok:ʔˈoːni1
Callaghan 1970: 96. Word class: intransitive verb (with locative). Secondary synonyms: ʔˈonːa 'to come / to arrive' (intransitive verb) [Callaghan 1970: 95], wˈila 'come! / come on!' (intransitive verb, imperative) [Callaghan 1970: 82]. Illustrative sentences in the dictionary show that ʔˈoːni is used more frequently than ʔˈonːa.
Lake Miwok:ʔˈoːni1
Callaghan 1965: 187. Polysemy: 'to come / to appear / to come to pass, happen'. Word class: iterative intransitive verb. Secondary synonym: cˈokt̪e 'to come from an unseen spot / to go along, come along, follow / to come through (with objective of place) / to become (with instrumental)' (semelfactive intransitive and transitive verb) [Callaghan 1965: 14].
Plains Miwok:ʔǝnːǝ-2
Callaghan 1984: 197. Word class: intransitive verb. An alternative candidate is ʔoːni- 'to come / to approach, get near / to arrive, get somewhere' [Callaghan 1984: 213]. The two verbs can occur in identical contexts, cf. taːwɨm ʔoːniʔːacʔis or taːwɨm ʔǝnːǝʔːacʔis 'I think he's coming' (Jackson Valley) [Callaghan 1984: 197].
Northern Sierra Miwok:ʔɨːnɨ-2
Callaghan 1987: 295. Polysemy: 'to come / to come in / to approach / to come up (to the surface)'.
Central Sierra Miwok:ʔˈɨnːɨ-2
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 24. Word class: verb.
Southern Sierra Miwok:ʔɨnː-2
Broadbent 1964: 295. Word class: verb.
Number:17
Word:die
Bodega Miwok:t̪ˈulaw1
Callaghan 1970: 75. Word class: intransitive verb.
Lake Miwok:yˈoːk2
Callaghan 1965: 51. Polysemy: 'to die / to be dead / to be dark (said of the moon) / to do something heartily'. Word class: semelfactive intransitive verb. Also functions as the noun 'death'. Cf. cˈaːm 'to fade away, like a flower which is through blooming / to die away / to wear out' (semelfactive intransitive verb) [Callaghan 1965: 11], cognate to the Eastern Miwok verb 'to die'. The earlier meaning 'to die' for Lake Miwok cˈaːm is suggested by ʔˈelay cˈaːm 'stillbirth', lit. "child dead" [ibid.].
Plains Miwok:cemeːn-ɨ-3
Callaghan 1984: 19. Polysemy: 'to die / to be dying'. Word class: intransitive verb.
Northern Sierra Miwok:čamsɨ-4
Callaghan 1987: 41. Polysemy: 'to die / to die from something'.
Central Sierra Miwok:čˈam-šɨ-4
Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 1. Word class: verb. Contains the morpheme -šɨ- 'verbalizer, in intransitive or mediopassive verbs' [Freeland & Broadbent 1960: 16].
Southern Sierra Miwok:čam-h-4
Broadbent 1964: 221. Polysemy: 'to die / to be invisible, of the moon'. Word class: verb.
Number:18
Word:dog
Bodega Miwok:hayˈuːʂa1
Callaghan 1970: 16. Word class: noun.
Lake Miwok:hˈayu1
Callaghan 1965: 25-26. Word class: noun. This word was borrowed from Lake Miwok into Patwin, Wappo and most Pomo languages. The Miwok origin of the word is clear in view of its preservation in the geographically remote Yosemite dialect of Southern Sierra Miwok.
Plains Miwok:cuːcu--1
Callaghan 1984: 28. Word class: noun. Borrowed from Spanish chucho 'dog'.
Broadbent 1964: 224. Polysemy: 'dog / pet / guardian spirit of shaman'. Word class: noun. Yosemite dialect had another word: hayu- 'dog' [Broadbent 1964: 226].
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